Population growth can lead to increases in agricultural output per head on a more sustainable basis. This was the conclusion of Boserup in 1965. The powerful mechanisms she identified can be illustrated by a study of Machakos District, Kenya during 1930–1960, which shows that, if policies are supportive, agricultural and non-farm incomes grow faster than even the rapid population growth rate experienced in Africa. Land use capability is not fixed, but can be transformed by investment, new technologies and good management. Lack of investment and consequent degradation are most likely at low population densities. While the study cannot foretell the future, Java illustrates a similar theme at even higher densities. It is essential that research understands the position the farmer has reached, and contributes, with other sources of information, to the technologies he or she can choose.

中文翻译：

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人口增长和自然资源使用：我们需要对非洲感到绝望吗？

人口增长可以在更可持续的基础上提高人均农业产量。这是 Boserup 在 1965 年得出的结论。她确定的强大机制可以通过 1930 年至 1960 年肯尼亚马查科斯区的研究来说明，该研究表明，如果政策是支持性的，农业和非农收入的增长速度甚至超过非洲经历了快速的人口增长。土地利用能力不是固定的，而是可以通过投资、新技术和良好的管理来转化的。在人口密度低的情况下，缺乏投资和随之而来的退化最有可能发生。虽然该研究无法预测未来，但 Java 以更高的密度说明了类似的主题。研究必须了解农民已经达到的地位，并通过其他信息来源做出贡献，