Riemerella anatipestifer is a gram-negative bacterium that leads to severe contagious septicemia in ducks, turkeys, chickens, and wild waterfowl. Here, a pan-genome with 32 R. anatipestifer genomes is re-established, and the mathematical model is calculated to evaluate the expansion of R. anatipestifer genomes, which were determined to be open. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) and phylogenetic analysis preliminarily clarify intraspecies variation and distance. Comparative genomic analysis of R. anatipestifer found that horizontal gene transfer events, which provide an expressway for the recruitment of novel functionalities and facilitate genetic diversity in microbial genomes, play a key role in the process of acquiring and transmitting antibiotic-resistance genes in R. anatipestifer. Furthermore, a new antibiotic-resistance gene cluster was identified in the same loci in 14 genomes. The uneven distribution of virulence factors was also confirmed by our results. Our study suggests that the ability to acquire foreign genes (such as antibiotic-resistance genes) increases the adaptability of R. anatipestifer, and the virulence genes with little mobility are highly conserved in R. anatipestifer.

中文翻译：

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拟南酸里氏杆菌的全基因组分析揭示了它的基因组多样性和与基因岛有关的获得性抗生素抗性。

里氏耶尔默氏菌是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，可导致鸭子，火鸡，鸡和野生水禽发生严重的传染性败血病。在这里，重建了具有32个Anatipestifer基因组的泛基因组，并计算了数学模型以评估已确定为开放的R. anatipestifer基因组的扩展。平均核苷酸同一性（ANI）和系统发育分析初步阐明了种内变异和距离。拟南芥的比较基因组分析发现水平基因转移事件为新功能的募集提供了一条捷径，并促进了微生物基因组中的遗传多样性，这在厌食性拟南芥中获取和传播抗药性基因的过程中起着关键作用。此外，在14个基因组的同一基因座中鉴定了一个新的抗生素抗性基因簇。我们的结果也证实了毒力因子的不均匀分布。我们的研究表明，获得外源基因（例如抗药性基因）的能力提高了拟南芥的适应性，而活动性极低的毒力基因在拟南芥中高度保守。