Chromosome congression is essential for faithful chromosome segregation and genomic stability in cell division. Centromere‐associated protein E (CENP‐E), a plus‐end‐directed kinesin motor, is required for congression of pole‐proximal chromosomes in metaphase. CENP‐E accumulates at the outer plate of kinetochores and mediates the kinetochore‐microtubule capture. CENP‐E also transports the chromosomes along spindle microtubules towards the equatorial plate. CENP‐E interacts with Bub1‐related kinase, Aurora B and core kinetochore components during kinetochore–microtubule attachment. In this review, we introduce the structures and mechanochemistry of kinesin‐7 CENP‐E. We highlight the complicated interactions between CENP‐E and partner proteins during chromosome congression. We summarise the detailed roles and mechanisms of CENP‐E in mitosis and meiosis, including the kinetochore–microtubule capture, chromosome congression/alignment in metaphase and the regulation of spindle assembly checkpoint. We also shed a light on the roles of CENP‐E in tumourigenesis and CENP‐E's specific inhibitors.

中文翻译：

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细胞分裂过程中kinesin-7 CENP-E在动粒-微管捕获和染色体排列中的机制

染色体大会对于细胞分裂中忠实的染色体分离和基因组稳定性至关重要。着丝粒相关蛋白 E (CENP-E) 是一种正端导向的驱动蛋白马达，是中期极近端染色体聚集所必需的。CENP-E在动粒的外板积累并介导动粒-微管的捕获。CENP-E 还沿着纺锤体微管将染色体运送到赤道板。CENP-E 在动粒-微管附着期间与 Bub1 相关激酶、Aurora B 和核心动粒成分相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了驱动蛋白-7 CENP-E 的结构和机械化学。我们强调了染色体大会期间 CENP-E 和伙伴蛋白之间复杂的相互作用。我们总结了 CENP-E 在有丝分裂和减数分裂中的详细作用和机制，包括动粒 - 微管捕获、中期染色体大会/排列和纺锤体组装检查点的调节。我们还阐明了 CENP-E 在肿瘤发生中的作用和 CENP-E 的特异性抑制剂。