This study clarified associations among immune, autonomic, and endocrine activities during mental arithmetic and cold pressor stress tasks in 26 women in the follicular phase. Both tasks decreased CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD19+ B cells, whereas they increased lymphocytes, granulocytes, NK cells, and NK cell activity (NKCA). The mental arithmetic task had a greater impact than the cold pressor task on changes in CD3+ T cells and in NK cells. Cardiovascular reactivity to active stress was associated with increased NK cells and decreased CD3+ T cells. Reduced cortisol levels during passive stress were associated with decreased CD19+ B cells and with increased NK cells. The merits of this study are that it controlled the following factors. Perceived stress during the two tasks was matched; both tasks lasted long enough to elicit high-magnitude responses; and the length of the intervening rest period minimized probable carryover effects between tasks.

中文翻译：

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免疫、内分泌和心血管参数对主动和被动急性压力的反应

这项研究阐明了 26 名处于卵泡期的女性在心算和冷加压压力任务期间免疫、自主神经和内分泌活动之间的关联。这两项任务都减少了 CD3+ T 细胞、CD4+ T 细胞和 CD19+ B 细胞，而它们增加了淋巴细胞、粒细胞、NK 细胞和 NK 细胞活性 (NKCA)。心算任务比冷升压任务对 CD3+ T 细胞和 NK 细胞的变化有更大的影响。对主动应激的心血管反应与 NK 细胞增加和 CD3+ T 细胞减少有关。被动应激期间皮质醇水平降低与 CD19+ B 细胞减少和 NK 细胞增加有关。本研究的优点在于它控制了以下因素。两项任务中的感知压力相匹配；这两项任务都持续了足够长的时间以引起高强度的反应；并且中间休息时间的长度最小化了任务之间可能的遗留效应。