Antimicrobial lipids have been recognised as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. They can directly act on and lyse bacterial cell membrane, and inhibit bacterial growth through a range of mechanisms. Antimicrobial lipids include free fatty acids, monoglycerides, cholesteryl ester, sphingolipids and etc., with the first two being the most extensively studied. Their application is usually hindered by the low solubility of the compounds themselves, and nano-sized lipid-based carriers can endow druggability to these antimicrobial agents for they improve lipid solubility and dispersion in aqueous formulations. Nano-carriers also possess advantages in overcoming drug resistance. In this review we will discuss different kinds of antimicrobial lipids in nano-sized carriers for antibacterial delivery. CAL02 as a promising infection-controlling liposome consisted of cholesterol and sphingomyelin will also be included for it's a unique anti-infection approach, which signifies that the underlying antibacterial roles antimicrobial lipids needs to be further addressed. With the global emergence of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial lipids formulated in nano-carriers might provide a novel alternative in combatting infectious diseases.

中文翻译：

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用于抗菌递送的纳米载体中的抗菌脂质。

抗菌脂质已被公认为广谱抗菌剂。它们可以直接作用于并裂解细菌细胞膜，并通过一系列机制抑制细菌生长。抗菌脂质包括游离脂肪酸、甘油单酯、胆固醇酯、鞘脂等，其中前两种是研究最广泛的。它们的应用通常受到化合物本身的低溶解度的阻碍，纳米尺寸的脂质载体可以赋予这些抗微生物剂成药性，因为它们改善了脂溶性和在水性制剂中的分散性。纳米载体在克服耐药性方面也具有优势。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论用于抗菌递送的纳米级载体中不同种类的抗菌脂质。CAL02 作为一种有前途的感染控制脂质体，由胆固醇和鞘磷脂组成，也将包括在内，因为它是一种独特的抗感染方法，这意味着需要进一步解决抗菌脂质的潜在抗菌作用。随着全球抗生素耐药性的出现，在纳米载体中配制的抗菌脂质可能为抗击传染病提供一种新的选择。