Vascular diversity among organs has recently become widely recognized. Several studies using mouse and human fetal tissues revealed distinct characteristics of organ-specific vasculature in molecular and functional levels. Thorough understanding of vascular heterogeneities in human adult tissues is significant for developing novel strategies for targeted drug delivery and tissue regeneration. Recent advancements in microfabrication techniques, biomaterials, and differentiation protocols allowed for incorporation of microvasculature into engineered organs. Such vascularized organ models represent physiologically relevant platforms that may offer innovative tools for dissecting the effects of the organ microenvironment on vascular development and expand our present knowledge on organ-specific human vasculature. In this article, we provide an overview of the current structural and molecular evidence on microvascular diversity, bioengineering methods used to recapitulate the microenvironmental cues, and recent vascularized three-dimensional organ models from the perspective of tissue-specific vasculature.

中文翻译：

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工程组织特异性血管。

器官之间的血管多样性最近已得到广泛认识。使用小鼠和人类胎儿组织的几项研究揭示了器官特异性脉管系统在分子和功能水平上的独特特征。透彻了解成人组织中的血管异质性对于开发靶向药物输送和组织再生的新策略具有重要意义。微加工技术、生物材料和分化方案的最新进展允许将微脉管系统纳入工程器官中。这种血管化器官模型代表了生理相关的平台，可以提供创新工具来剖析器官微环境对血管发育的影响，并扩展我们目前对器官特异性人类脉管系统的了解。在本文中，我们从组织特异性脉管系统的角度概述了当前微血管多样性的结构和分子证据、用于概括微环境线索的生物工程方法以及最近的血管化三维器官模型。