We examined HIV-infected patients with different efficacies of immune system restoration during antiretroviral therapy. The study showed that against the background of low CD4+ T cell counts, subjects with a discordant immunologic response (patients with <350 CD4+ T cells per μL of blood after more than two years of treatment) develop a regulatory CD4+ T cell (Treg) deficiency. Furthermore, in these patients, the immunodeficiency is accompanied by an increase in the Treg frequency. Accumulation of regulatory T lymphocytes in the blood of HIV‑infected subjects with discordant response to the treatment indicates a high viability of this T cell subset.

中文翻译：

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抗逆转录病毒疗法反应不一致的HIV感染患者中调节性T淋巴细胞计数的变化。

我们检查了抗逆转录病毒治疗期间具有不同免疫系统恢复功效的HIV感染患者。这项研究表明，在CD4 + T细胞数量低的背景下，免疫反应不一致的患者（治疗两年以上的患者每μL血液中CD350 + CD细胞少于350个）发展为CD4 + T细胞调节性缺陷。此外，在这些患者中，免疫缺陷伴随着Treg频率的增加。对治疗反应不一致的HIV感染者血液中调节性T淋巴细胞的积累表明该T细胞亚群具有很高的生存能力。