Drug delivery strategies aim to maximize a drug's therapeutic index by increasing the concentration of drug at target sites while minimizing delivery to off-target tissues. Because biological tissues are minimally responsive to magnetic fields, there has been a great deal of interest in using magnetic nanoparticles in combination with applied magnetic fields to selectively control the accumulation and release of drug in target tissues while minimizing the impact on surrounding tissue. In particular, spatially variant magnetic fields have been used to encourage accumulation of drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles at target sites, while time-variant magnetic fields have been used to induce drug release from thermally sensitive nanocarriers. In this review, we discuss nanoparticle formulations and approaches that have been developed for magnetic targeting and/or magnetically induced drug release, as well as ongoing challenges in using magnetism for therapeutic applications. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.

中文翻译：

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利用磁场和纳米颗粒触发药物释放并改善肿瘤靶向性。

药物输送策略旨在通过增加目标部位的药物浓度，同时最大程度地减少向非目标组织的输送，来最大化药物的治疗指数。由于生物组织对磁场的响应最小，因此将磁性纳米粒子与外加磁场结合使用以选择性控制靶组织中药物的积累和释放，同时最大程度地减少对周围组织的影响，引起了人们的极大兴趣。特别地，已使用空间变化的磁场来促进载药的磁性纳米颗粒在目标部位的积累，而时变磁场已被用来诱导药物从热敏纳米载体上释放。在这篇评论中 我们将讨论为磁性靶向和/或磁性诱导的药物释放而开发的纳米颗粒制剂和方法，以及将磁性用于治疗应用方面的持续挑战。本文归类于：诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像治疗方法和药物发现>新兴技术治疗方法和药物发现>肿瘤疾病的纳米药物。