Despite high vaccine coverage, reported cases of pertussis have increased steadily over the last twenty years. This resurgence has stimulated interest in host responses to pertussis infection and vaccination with the goal of developing more effective next-generation vaccines and vaccination strategies. Optimal protection against Bordetella pertussis appears to be multifactorial requiring both humoral and cellular responses. Natural infection and whole-cell pertussis vaccination induce Th1 and Th17-dominated responses. In contrast, acellular vaccines induce Th2-dominated responses. Available immunological data indicate that while antibodies provide protection against disease, Th1 and Th17-mediated immune responses are required for bacterial clearance and long-lasting protection. The nature of the priming in children appears to be important in modulating bias and durability of immune responses required to provide protection against B. pertussis. This review summarizes the current understanding of differences in immune responses and their role in protection against B. pertussis following infection or vaccination.

中文翻译：

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百日咳疫苗和保护性免疫。

尽管疫苗覆盖率很高，但在过去的20年中，报告的百日咳病例稳步增加。这种复发已经激发了人们对百日咳感染和疫苗接种宿主反应的兴趣，目的是开发更有效的下一代疫苗和疫苗接种策略。针对百日咳博德特氏菌的最佳保护似乎是多方面的，需要体液和细胞反应。自然感染和全细胞百日咳疫苗可诱导Th1和Th17为主的反应。相反，脱细胞疫苗诱导Th2为主的反应。现有的免疫学数据表明，尽管抗体可提供抗疾病的保护，但细菌清除和长期保护仍需要Th1和Th17介导的免疫反应。儿童初免的性质在调节抵抗百日咳博德特氏菌所需的免疫反应的偏倚和持久性方面似乎很重要。这篇综述总结了当前对免疫应答差异及其在感染或接种疫苗后抵抗百日咳博德特氏菌的作用中的了解。