Reproductive cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a valuable method to propagate service dogs with desirable traits because of higher selection rates in cloned dogs. However, incomplete reprogramming is a major barrier to SCNT, and the assessment of reprogramming is limited to preimplantation embryos and tissues from dead and/or adult tissue. Thus, lifelong monitoring in SCNT dogs can be useful to evaluate the SCNT service dogs for propagation. We applied microarray and qRT-PCR to profile of mRNA and miRNA in whole blood samples collected from four cloned dogs (S), three age-matched control dogs (A), and a donor dog (D). In the analysis of differentially expressed genes in S-A, A-D, and S-D pairs, most genomes were completely reprogrammed and rejuvenated in the cloned offspring. However, several RNAs were differentially expressed. Interestingly, the altered genes are associated with aging and senescence. Furthermore, we identified potential biomarkers such as mirR-223 (NFIB; CLIC4), miRN-494 (ARHGEF12), miR-106b (PPP1R3B; CC2D1A), miR-20a (CC2D1A; PPP1R3B), miR-30e (IGJ; HIRA), and miR-19a (TNRC6A) by miRNA-target mRNA pairing for monitoring rejuvenation, aging/senescence, and reprogramming in cloned dogs. The novel comparative transcriptomic information about SCNT and age-matched dogs can be used to assess the lifelong health of cloned dogs and to facilitate the selection of training animals with minimal invasive procedures.

中文翻译：

---

全血转录组分析用于终生监测的体细胞核移植产生的嗅探犬。

通过体细胞核移植（SCNT）进行生殖克隆是繁殖具有理想性状的服务犬的有价值的方法，因为在克隆犬中选择率更高。但是，不完全的重编程是SCNT的主要障碍，并且对重编程的评估仅限于死前和/或成年组织的植入前胚胎和组织。因此，在SCNT狗中进行终生监视对于评估SCNT服务狗的传播非常有用。我们将微阵列和qRT-PCR应用于从四只克隆犬（S），三只年龄匹配的对照犬（A）和供体犬（D）收集的全血样品中的mRNA和miRNA谱。在分析SA，AD和SD对中差异表达的基因时，大多数基因组在克隆后代中被完全重新编程并恢复了活力。但是，几个RNA差异表达。有趣的是，改变的基因与衰老和衰老有关。此外，我们鉴定了潜在的生物标记，例如mirR-223（NFIB; CLIC4），miRN-494（ARHGEF12），miR-106b（PPP1R3B; CC2D1A），miR-20a（CC2D1A; PPP1R3B），miR-30e（IGJ; HIRA）和miR-19a（TNRC6A）通过miRNA-target mRNA配对来监测克隆犬的复兴，衰老/衰老和重编程。有关SCNT和年龄匹配的犬的新型比较转录组学信息可用于评估克隆犬的终生健康状况，并有助于以最小的侵入性程序选择训练动物。和miR-19a（TNRC6A）通过miRNA-靶标mRNA配对来监测克隆犬的复兴，衰老/衰老和重编程。有关SCNT和年龄匹配的犬的新型比较转录组学信息可用于评估克隆犬的终生健康状况，并有助于以最小的侵入性程序选择训练动物。和miR-19a（TNRC6A）通过miRNA-靶标mRNA配对来监测克隆犬的复兴，衰老/衰老和重编程。有关SCNT和年龄匹配的犬的新型比较转录组学信息可用于评估克隆犬的终生健康状况，并有助于以最小的侵入性程序选择训练动物。