We propose and analyse the properties of a new class of models for the electromechanics of cardiac tissue. The set of governing equations consists of nonlinear elasticity using a viscoelastic and orthotropic exponential constitutive law, for both active stress and active strain formulations of active mechanics, coupled with a four-variable phenomenological model for human cardiac cell electrophysiology, which produces an accurate description of the action potential. The conductivities in the model of electric propagation are modified according to stress, inducing an additional degree of nonlinearity and anisotropy in the coupling mechanisms, and the activation model assumes a simplified stretch–calcium interaction generating active tension or active strain. The influence of the new terms in the electromechanical model is evaluated through a sensitivity analysis, and we provide numerical validation through a set of computational tests using a novel mixed-primal finite element scheme.

中文翻译：

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具有应力辅助扩散的心脏正交各向异性电粘弹性模型。

我们提出并分析了新型的心脏组织机电模型的性质。这套控制方程由使用粘弹性和正交各向异性指数本构律的非线性弹性组成，用于主动力学的主动应力和主动应变公式，以及用于人类心脏细胞电生理的四变量现象学模型，可以准确描述动作潜力。电传播模型中的电导率会根据应力进行修改，从而在耦合机制中引起额外的非线性和各向异性，并且激活模型假定简化的拉伸-钙相互作用会产生活性张力或活性应变。