During exercise, the human body maintains optimal body temperature through thermoregulatory sweating, which implies the loss of water, sodium (Na+), and other electrolytes. Sweat rate and sweat Na+ concentration show high interindividual variability, even in individuals exercising under similar conditions. Testosterone and cortisol may regulate sweat Na+ loss by modifying the expression/activity of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. This has not been tested. As a first approximation, the authors aimed to determine whether basal serum concentrations of testosterone or cortisol, or the testosterone/cortisol ratio relate to sweat Na+ loss during exercise. A total of 22 male elite soccer players participated in the study. Testosterone and cortisol were measured in blood samples before exercise (basal). Sweat samples were collected during a training session, and sweat Na+ concentration was determined. The basal serum concentrations of testosterone and cortisol and their ratio were (mean [SD]) 13.6 (3.3) pg/ml, 228.9 (41.4) ng/ml, and 0.06 (0.02), respectively. During exercise, the rate of Na+ loss was related to cortisol (r = .43; p < .05) and to the testosterone/cortisol ratio (r = -.46; p < .01), independently of the sweating rate. The results suggest that cortisol and the testosterone/cortisol ratio may influence Na+ loss during exercise. It is unknown whether this regulation depends on the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

中文翻译：

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基础血清皮质醇和睾酮/皮质醇比率与精英足球运动员在运动过程中的 Na+ 丢失率有关。

在运动过程中，人体通过体温调节出汗保持最佳体温，这意味着水分、钠 (Na+) 和其他电解质的流失。出汗率和汗液 Na+ 浓度显示出很高的个体差异，即使是在类似条件下锻炼的个体也是如此。睾酮和皮质醇可以通过改变囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节剂的表达/活性来调节汗液 Na+ 的流失。这个没有经过测试。作为第一个近似值，作者旨在确定睾酮或皮质醇的基础血清浓度，或睾酮/皮质醇比率是否与运动期间汗液 Na+ 损失有关。共有 22 名男性精英足球运动员参加了这项研究。运动前（基础）在血液样本中测量睾酮和皮质醇。在训练期间收集汗液样本，并确定汗液 Na+ 浓度。睾酮和皮质醇的基础血清浓度及其比值分别为（平均 [SD]）13.6 (3.3) pg/ml、228.9 (41.4) ng/ml 和 0.06 (0.02)。在运动期间，Na+ 流失率与皮质醇（r = .43；p < .05）和睾酮/皮质醇比（r = -.46；p < .01）有关，与出汗率无关。结果表明，皮质醇和睾酮/皮质醇比率可能会影响运动期间 Na+ 的损失。尚不清楚这种调节是否取决于囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节器。4) ng/ml 和 0.06 (0.02)，分别。在运动期间，Na+ 流失率与皮质醇（r = .43；p < .05）和睾酮/皮质醇比（r = -.46；p < .01）有关，与出汗率无关。结果表明，皮质醇和睾酮/皮质醇比率可能会影响运动期间 Na+ 的损失。尚不清楚这种调节是否取决于囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节器。4) ng/ml 和 0.06 (0.02)，分别。在运动期间，Na+ 流失率与皮质醇（r = .43；p < .05）和睾酮/皮质醇比（r = -.46；p < .01）有关，与出汗率无关。结果表明，皮质醇和睾酮/皮质醇比率可能会影响运动期间 Na+ 的损失。尚不清楚这种调节是否取决于囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节器。