Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins have acknowledged roles in regulation of immune responses. Moreover, their role in the evolution of allograft rejection is being elucidated. In the current investigation, we measured transcript levels of SOCS1-4 in the peripheral blood of a group of renal transplant recipients including both rejected and non-rejected allografts. Expression analyses showed that relative expression of SOCS2 was significantly higher in transplant-rejected male patients compared to non-rejected group. However, such significant difference was not detected between female subjects. Expression of SOCS2 was significantly higher in T-cell-mediated rejection group compared with non-rejected individuals with creatinine rise (Relative expression difference [95% CrI] =6.74 [0.94, 12.65], P = 0.043). Conversely, SOCS4 expression was significantly lower in T-cell-mediated rejection group compared with non-rejected individuals with creatinine rise (Relative expression difference [95% CrI] = −0.35 [−0.63, −0.1], P = 0.008). Patterns of correlations between expression levels of SOCS genes were different in non-rejected group. The obtained results indicate the role SOCS genes in development of allograft rejection.

细胞因子信号转导（SOCS）蛋白的抑制剂在免疫应答的调节中具有公认的作用。此外，它们在同种异体移植排斥反应中的作用正在阐明。在当前的调查中，我们测量了一组肾移植受者的外周血中SOCS1-4的转录水平，包括排斥和未排斥的同种异体移植物。表达分析表明，与未拒绝组相比，接受移植拒绝的男性患者SOCS2的相对表达明显更高。但是，女性受试者之间没有发现这种显着差异。SOCS2的表达T细胞介导的排斥反应组的肌酐水平显着高于肌酐升高的未排斥个体（相对表达差异[95％CrI] = 6.74 [0.94，12.65]，P  = 0.043）。相反，与无肌酐升高的非排斥个体相比，T细胞介导的排斥组中SOCS4的表达显着降低（相对表达差异[95％CrI] = -0.35 [-0.63，-0.1]，P  = 0.008）。非排斥组SOCS基因表达水平之间的相关关系模式不同。获得的结果表明SOCS基因在同种异体排斥反应发展中的作用。