It is unclear whether altering the activity of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (right DLPFC) affects an individual's timing performance in milliseconds- and seconds range timing. Here we investigated the causal role of right DLPFC in milliseconds- and seconds range timing with a temporal bisection task under the application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) that altered the neural activities of the right DLPFC. The tDCS conditions consisted of anodal, cathodal, and sham conditions. The electrodes were placed over the F4 position (10-20 system) and on the left supraorbital forehead. In current study, participants completed two blocks of trials involving short ("Short blocks": 200-800 ms) or longer ("Long blocks": 1400-2600 ms) durations. The results showed that no significant differences in the bisection point (BP) were found among anodal condition, sham condition and cathodal condition in "Short blocks". However, in "Long blocks", the BP were found to be shifted toward the left for the anodal condition, sham condition, compared to cathodal condition, suggesting that the stimulus duration was judged to last longer for anodal condition compared to sham condition, whereas shorter for cathodal condition compared to sham condition. The results demonstrated that the right DLPFC played a causal role in seconds range timing (average duration 2000 ms), but not in milliseconds range timing (average duration 500 ms), which is shown it might be involved in the cognitive processing (for example, working memory process) based on dual-timing system and scalar timing theory.

中文翻译：

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右背外侧前额叶皮层在几秒钟的时间范围内至关重要，而在几毫秒的时间范围内则不是必需的：经颅直流电刺激的研究。

目前尚不清楚改变右背外侧前额叶皮层（右DLPFC）的活动是否会影响个人的毫秒和秒范围计时。在这里，我们在经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）的应用下，通过改变颞部DLPFC的神经活动，研究了颞部平分任务对右侧DLPFC在毫秒和秒范围计时中的因果作用。tDCS条件包括阳极，阴极和假条件。将电极放置在F4位置（10-20系统）上方和眶上左额上。在当前的研究中，参与者完成了两个试验阶段，涉及较短的持续时间（“较短的阶段”：200-800毫秒）或更长的时间（“较长的区块”：1400-2600毫秒）。结果表明，在“短块”中，阳极状态，假状态和阴极状态的平分点（BP）均无显着差异。然而，在“长块”中，发现阳极状态为假状态，与阴极状态相比，血压向左移动，这表明阳极状态下的刺激持续时间比假状态更长。阴极状态比假状态短。结果表明，正确的DLPFC在秒范围计时（平均持续时间2000 ms）中起因果作用，而在毫秒范围计时（平均持续时间500 ms）中不起因果作用，这表明它可能参与了认知处理（例如，工作记忆过程）基于双定时系统和标量时序理论。