Cannabis sativa (cannabis) is one of the oldest plants cultivated by men. Cannabidiol (CBD) is the major non-psychomimetic compound derived from cannabis. It has been proposed to have a therapeutic potential over a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this narrative review, we have summarized a selected number of pre-clinical and clinical studies, examining the effects of CBD in neuropsychiatric disorders. In some pre-clinical studies, CBD was demonstrated to potentially exhibit anti-epileptic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory anti-psychotic, anxiolytic and anti-depressant properties. Moreover, CBD was shown to reduce addictive effects of some drugs of abuse. In clinical studies, CBD was shown to be safe, well-tolerated and efficacious in mitigating the symptoms associated with several types of seizure disorders and childhood epilepsies. Given that treatment with CBD alone was insufficient at managing choreic movements in patients with Huntington's disease, other cannabis-derived treatments are currently being investigated. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have reported improvements in sleep and better quality of life with CBD; however, to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of CBD on the symptoms of PD-associated movement disorders, larger scale, randomized, placebo-controlled studies still need to be conducted in the future. Currently, there are no human studies that investigated the effects of CBD in either Alzheimer's disease or unipolar depression, warranting further investigation in this area, considering that CBD was shown to have effects in pre-clinical studies. Although, anxiolytic properties of CBD were reported in the Social Anxiety Disorder, antipsychotic effects in schizophrenia and anti-addictive qualities in alcohol and drug addictions, here too, larger, randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CBD.

大麻（大麻）是人类种植的最古老的植物之一。大麻二酚（CBD）是从大麻衍生的主要非拟精神成分。已经提出在广泛的神经精神疾病中具有治疗潜力。在本篇叙述性综述中，我们总结了一些临床前和临床研究，以检查CBD在神经精神疾病中的作用。在一些临床前研究中，CBD被证明具有潜在的抗癫痫，抗氧化，抗炎，抗精神病，抗焦虑和抗抑郁特性。此外，CBD被证明可以减少某些滥用药物的成瘾性。在临床研究中，CBD被证明在缓解与几种类型的癫痫发作和儿童癫痫有关的症状方面是安全，耐受性良好且有效的。鉴于仅用CBD进行的治疗不足以控制亨廷顿氏病患者的舞蹈运动，因此目前正在研究其他大麻衍生的治疗方法。据报道，患有帕金森病（PD）的患者使用CBD可以改善睡眠并改善生活质量。但是，为了充分阐明CBD对PD相关运动障碍症状的治疗潜力，将来仍需要进行大规模，随机，安慰剂对照的研究。目前，尚无人类研究对CBD在阿尔茨海默氏病或​​单相抑郁症中的作用进行研究，考虑到CBD在临床前研究中显示有作用，因此有必要对该领域进行进一步研究。尽管在社交焦虑症中报告了CBD的抗焦虑特性，