Approximately 3 billion people, most of whom live in Asia, Africa, and the Americas, rely on solid fuels (i.e. wood, crop wastes, dung, charcoal) and kerosene for their cooking needs. Exposure to household air pollution from burning these fuels is estimated to account for approximately 3 million premature deaths a year. Cleaner fuels - such as liquefied petroleum gas, biogas, electricity, and certain compressed biomass fuels - have the potential to alleviate much of this significant health burden. A wide variety of clean cooking intervention programs are being implemented around the world, but very few of these efforts have been analyzed to enable global learning. The Clean Cooking Implementation Science Network (ISN), supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) and partners, identified the need to augment the publicly available literature concerning what has worked well and in what context. The ISN has supported the development of a systematic set of case studies, contained in this Special Issue, examining clean cooking program rollouts in a variety of low- and middle-income settings around the world. We used the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adaptation, implementation, maintenance) framework to coordinate and evaluate the case studies. This paper describes the clean cooking case studies project, introduces the individual studies contained herein, and proposes a general conceptual model to support future planning and evaluation of household energy programs.

中文翻译：

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世界范围内扩大清洁家庭烹饪能源的努力分析

大约 30 亿人，其中大部分生活在亚洲、非洲和美洲，依靠固体燃料（即木材、农作物废料、粪便、木炭）和煤油来满足他们的烹饪需求。据估计，每年因燃烧这些燃料而暴露于家庭空气污染导致约 300 万人过早死亡。更清洁的燃料——例如液化石油气、沼气、电力和某些压缩生物质燃料——有可能减轻这种重大的健康负担。世界各地正在实施各种各样的清洁烹饪干预计划，但很少对这些努力进行分析以促进全球学习。由美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 和合作伙伴支持的清洁烹饪实施科学网络 (ISN)，确定有必要增加关于什么行得通以及在什么情况下行之有效的公开文献。ISN 支持开发一套系统的案例研究，包含在本特刊中，检查清洁烹饪计划在世界各地各种低收入和中等收入环境中的推广。我们使用 RE-AIM（范围、有效性、适应、实施、维护）框架来协调和评估案例研究。本文描述了清洁烹饪案例研究项目，介绍了其中包含的个别研究，并提出了一个通用概念模型，以支持家庭能源计划的未来规划和评估。包含在本特刊中，检查清洁烹饪计划在全球各种低收入和中等收入环境中的推出。我们使用 RE-AIM（范围、有效性、适应、实施、维护）框架来协调和评估案例研究。本文描述了清洁烹饪案例研究项目，介绍了其中包含的个别研究，并提出了一个通用概念模型，以支持家庭能源计划的未来规划和评估。包含在本特刊中，检查清洁烹饪计划在全球各种低收入和中等收入环境中的推出。我们使用 RE-AIM（范围、有效性、适应、实施、维护）框架来协调和评估案例研究。本文描述了清洁烹饪案例研究项目，介绍了其中包含的个别研究，并提出了一个通用概念模型，以支持家庭能源计划的未来规划和评估。