ABSTRACT Electrical Stimulation (ES) is a neurostimulation technique that is used to localize language functions in the brain of people with intractable epilepsy and/or brain tumors. We reviewed 25 ES articles published between 1984 and 2018 and interpreted them from a cognitive neuropsychological perspective. Our aim was to highlight ES as a tool to further our understanding of cognitive models of language. We focused on associations and dissociations between cognitive functions within the framework of two non-neuroanatomically specified models of language. Also, we discussed parallels between the ES and the stroke literatures and showed how ES data can help us to generate hypotheses regarding how language is processed. A good understanding of cognitive models of language is essential to motivate task selection and to tailor surgical procedures, for example, by avoiding testing the same cognitive functions and understanding which functions may be more or less relevant to be tested during surgery.

中文翻译：

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电刺激映射视角下的语言处理

摘要 电刺激 (ES) 是一种神经刺激技术，用于定位难治性癫痫和/或脑肿瘤患者大脑中的语言功能。我们回顾了 1984 年至 2018 年间发表的 25 篇 ES 文章，并从认知神经心理学的角度对其进行了解释。我们的目标是强调 ES 作为一种工具来进一步理解语言的认知模型。我们专注于在两种非神经解剖学指定的语言模型框架内认知功能之间的关联和分离。此外，我们讨论了 ES 和笔画文献之间的相似之处，并展示了 ES 数据如何帮助我们生成关于语言处理方式的假设。对语言认知模型的良好理解对于激发任务选择和定制外科手术至关重要，