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Short-Term Exposure to a Calorically Dense Diet Alters Taste-Evoked Responses in the Chorda Tympani Nerve, But Not Unconditioned Lick Responses to Sucrose.
Chemical Senses ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-04 , DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjy031
Yada Treesukosol 1 , Chizuko Inui-Yamamoto 2, 3 , Haruno Mizuta 4 , Takashi Yamamoto 4 , Timothy H Moran 5, 6
Affiliation  

Upon presentation of a calorically dense diet, rats display hyperphagia driven by increased meal size. The increased meal size and hyperphagia are most robust across the first several days of diet exposure before changes in body weight are evident, thus it is plausible that one of the factors that drives the hyperphagia may be enhanced orosensory responsivity. Here, electrophysiological responses to an array of taste stimuli were recorded from the chorda tympani nerve, a branch of the facial nerve that innervates taste receptors in the anterior tongue, of rats presented a high-energy (45% fat and 17% sucrose) diet for 3 days. Responses in the high-energy diet group were significantly higher for 0.01, 0.03, 0.06 and 0.3 M sucrose; 0.05 M Na-saccharin; and 0.01 M quinine compared with those of chow-fed controls. Another cohort of animals was tested in 30-min brief-access taste sessions (10-s trials) to a sucrose concentration series across the first 6 days of high-energy diet presentation. Both groups responded in a concentration-dependent manner. No significant group differences in unconditioned licking or trials initiated were revealed. Results from a third cohort of rats showed that responses to sucrose in a brief-access taste test also remained largely unchanged as a function of 3-day access to a sucrose solution. Taken together, these findings suggest that 3 days of high-energy diet exposure results in alterations to peripheral gustatory signaling yet these changes do not necessarily generalize to changes in responsiveness to sucrose, as least as measured in this procedure.

中文翻译:

短期摄入热量密集的饮食会改变Chorda Tympani神经的口味诱发反应,但不会对蔗糖产生无条件的舔食反应。

呈现热量密集的饮食后,大鼠会因进食量增加而出现食欲亢进。在体重变化明显之前,膳食摄入量的前几天增加的进餐量和食欲最为明显,因此,导致食欲亢进的因素之一可能是口感反应性增强。在这里,大鼠的鼓膜鼓膜神经记录了对一系列味觉刺激的电生理反应,鼓膜神经是支配前舌味觉感受器的面神经分支,具有高能量(45%脂肪和17%蔗糖)饮食3天。高能饮食组对0.01、0.03、0.06和0.3M蔗糖的反应显着更高。0.05 M钠糖精; 与普通饲料对照组相比,0.01 M奎宁。在高能饮食演示的前6天中,在30分钟的短暂接触味觉会话(10 s试验)中测试了另一组动物的蔗糖浓度系列。两组均以浓度依赖性方式应答。在无条件舔or或开始的试验中没有发现显着的组间差异。来自第三组大鼠的结果表明,在短暂访问的味觉测试中,对蔗糖的反应也大致保持不变,这是对蔗糖溶液进行3天访问的函数。综上所述,这些发现表明,高能饮食暴露3天会导致周围味觉信号改变,但这些改变并不一定会普遍反映出对蔗糖反应性的改变,至少在此过程中是如此。
更新日期:2018-06-01
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