The lesion-deficit model dominates neuropsychology. This is unsurprising given powerful demonstrations that focal brain lesions can affect specific aspects of cognition. Nowhere is this more evident than in patients with bilateral hippocampal damage. In the past 60 years, the amnesia and other impairments exhibited by these patients have helped to delineate the functions of the hippocampus and shape the field of memory. We do not question the value of this approach. However, less prominent are the cognitive processes that remain intact following hippocampal lesions. Here, we collate the piecemeal reports of preservation of function following focal bilateral hippocampal damage, highlighting a wealth of information often veiled by the field's focus on deficits. We consider how a systematic understanding of what is preserved as well as what is lost could add an important layer of precision to models of memory and the hippocampus.

中文翻译：

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记住海马失忆症中的保存。

病变缺陷模型在神经心理学中占主导地位。鉴于强有力的证据表明局灶性脑损伤会影响认知的特定方面，这并不令人惊讶。这一点在双侧海马损伤患者中表现得最为明显。在过去的 60 年中，这些患者表现出的健忘症和其他障碍有助于描绘海马体的功能并塑造记忆领域。我们不质疑这种方法的价值。然而，不太突出的是在海马损伤后保持完整的认知过程。在这里，我们整理了局部双侧海马损伤后功能保存的零碎报告，突出了该领域对缺陷的关注经常掩盖的大量信息。