BACKGROUND Associations between self-control in adolescence and adult mental health are unclear in the general population; to our knowledge, no study has investigated self-control in relation to psychotic-like symptoms. AIMS To investigate the relationship between adolescent self-control and the midlife mental health outcomes of anxiety and depression symptoms and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), controlling for the effect of adolescent conduct and emotional problems and for parental occupational social class and childhood cognition. METHODS A population-based sample, the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (the British 1946 birth cohort) was contacted 23 times between ages 6 weeks and 53 years. Teachers completed rating scales to assess emotional adjustment and behaviors, from which factors measuring self-control, behavioral, and emotional problems were extracted. At age 53 years, PLEs were self-reported by 2918 participants using 4 items from the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire; symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). RESULTS After adjustment for the above covariates, poor adolescent self-control was associated with the presence of PLEs in adulthood, specifically hallucinatory experiences at age 53 years, even after adjustment for GHQ-28 scores. CONCLUSIONS Lower self-control in adolescence is a risk factor for hallucinatory experiences in adulthood.

中文翻译：

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青少年自我控制预测中年幻觉经历：全国出生队列的 40 年随访。

背景 在一般人群中，青春期自我控制与成人心理健康之间的关联尚不清楚。据我们所知，没有研究调查过与精神病样症状相关的自我控制。目的 调查青少年自我控制与焦虑和抑郁症状和精神病样经历（PLEs）的中年心理健康结果之间的关系，控制青少年行为和情绪问题的影响，以及父母职业社会阶层和儿童认知的影响。方法 基于人群的样本，MRC 国家健康与发展调查（英国 1946 年出生队列）在 6 周至 53 岁之间被联系了 23 次。教师完成评定量表以评估情绪调整和行为，从这些因素衡量自我控制、行为、和情感问题被提取出来。在 53 岁时，2918 名参与者使用精神病筛查问卷中的 4 个项目自我报告了 PLE；使用一般健康问卷 (GHQ-28) 的比例版本评估焦虑和抑郁症状。结果 在调整上述协变量后，即使在调整 GHQ-28 分数后，青少年自我控制能力差与成年期 PLE 的存在，特别是 53 岁时的幻觉体验有关。结论 青春期自我控制能力下降是成年期幻觉体验的危险因素。使用一般健康问卷 (GHQ-28) 的比例版本评估焦虑和抑郁症状。结果 在调整上述协变量后，即使在调整 GHQ-28 分数后，青少年自我控制能力差与成年期 PLE 的存在，特别是 53 岁时的幻觉体验有关。结论 青春期自我控制能力下降是成年期幻觉体验的危险因素。使用一般健康问卷 (GHQ-28) 的比例版本评估焦虑和抑郁症状。结果 在调整上述协变量后，即使在调整 GHQ-28 分数后，青少年自我控制能力差与成年期 PLE 的存在，特别是 53 岁时的幻觉体验有关。结论 青春期自我控制能力下降是成年期幻觉体验的危险因素。