Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by parasites of the obligate intracellular Apicomplexa phylum the most deadly of which, Plasmodium falciparum, prevails in Africa. Malaria imposes a huge health burden on the world's most vulnerable populations, claiming the lives of nearly one million children and pregnant women each year. Although there is keen interest in eradicating malaria, we do not yet have the necessary tools to meet this challenge, including an effective malaria vaccine and adequate vector control strategies. Here we review what is known about the mechanisms at play in immune resistance to malaria in both the human and mosquito hosts at each step in the parasite's complex life cycle with a view toward developing the tools that will contribute to the prevention of disease and death and, ultimately, to the goal of malaria eradication. In so doing, we hope to inspire immunologists to participate in defeating this devastating disease.

中文翻译：

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人和蚊子的疟疾免疫力：深入了解致命传染病的未解之谜。

疟疾是一种由蚊子传播的疾病，由专性细胞内顶复门的寄生虫引起，其中最致命的恶性疟原虫在非洲盛行。疟疾给世界上最脆弱的人群带来了巨大的健康负担，每年夺走近 100 万儿童和孕妇的生命。尽管人们对根除疟疾有着浓厚的兴趣，但我们还没有应对这一挑战的必要工具，包括有效的疟疾疫苗和适当的病媒控制策略。在这里，我们回顾了在寄生虫复杂生命周期的每一步中人类和蚊子宿主对疟疾的免疫抗性的已知机制，以期开发有助于预防疾病和死亡的工具和， 最终，以实现消灭疟疾的目标。这样做，我们希望激励免疫学家参与战胜这种破坏性疾病。