G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a central role in signal transmission, thereby controlling many facets of cellular function. Overwhelming evidence now implicates GPCRs, G proteins and their downstream signaling targets in cancer initiation and progression, where they can influence aberrant cell growth and survival, largely through activation of AKT/mTOR, MAPKs, and Hippo signaling pathways. GPCRs also play critical roles in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells via activation of Rho GTPases and cytoskeletal changes, and angiogenesis to supply the tumor with nutrients and provide routes for metastasis. Lastly, GPCRs contribute to the establishment and maintenance of a permissive tumor microenvironment. Understanding GPCR involvement in cancer malignancy may help identify novel therapeutic opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment.

中文翻译：

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对癌症中 G 蛋白和 G 蛋白偶联受体信号传导的新见解。

G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR) 在信号传输中发挥核心作用，从而控制细胞功能的许多方面。现在，压倒性的证据表明 GPCR、G 蛋白及其下游信号靶点与癌症的发生和进展有关，它们可以影响异常细胞的生长和存活，主要是通过激活 AKT/mTOR、MAPK 和 Hippo 信号通路。GPCR 还通过激活 Rho GTP 酶和细胞骨架变化以及血管生成为肿瘤提供营养并提供转移途径，在癌细胞的侵袭和转移中发挥关键作用。最后，GPCR 有助于建立和维持一个允许的肿瘤微环境。