Over the past 15 years, investigators have shown that T lymphocytes can recognize not only peptides in the context of MHC class I and class II molecules but also foreign and self-lipids in association with the nonclassical MHC class I-like molecules, CD1 proteins. In this review, we describe the most recent events in the field, with particular emphasis on (a) structural and functional aspects of lipid presentation by CD1 molecules, (b) the development of CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and transcription factors required for their differentiation, (c) the ability of iNKT cells to modulate innate and adaptive immune responses through their cross talk with lymphoid and myeloid cells, and (d) MR1-restricted and group I (CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c)-restricted T cells.

中文翻译：

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CD1 和 MR1 限制性 T 细胞的生物学。

在过去的 15 年中，研究人员表明，T 淋巴细胞不仅可以识别 MHC I 类和 II 类分子中的肽，还可以识别与非经典 MHC I 类样分子 CD1 蛋白相关的外来脂质和自身脂质。在这篇综述中，我们描述了该领域的最新事件，特别强调（a）CD1 分子脂质呈递的结构和功能方面，（b）CD1d 限制性不变自然杀伤 T（iNKT）细胞的发展和分化所需的转录因子，(c) iNKT 细胞通过与淋巴和骨髓细胞的交互作用来调节先天和适应性免疫反应的能力，以及 (d) MR1 限制性和 I 组（CD1a、CD1b 和 CD1c） -限制性T细胞。