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Daily use, especially of high-potency cannabis, drives the earlier onset of psychosis in cannabis users.
Schizophrenia Bulletin ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2013-12-19 , DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt181
Marta Di Forti 1 , Hannah Sallis 2 , Fabio Allegri 3 , Antonella Trotta 1 , Laura Ferraro 4 , Simona A Stilo 5 , Arianna Marconi 1 , Caterina La Cascia 4 , Tiago Reis Marques 1 , Carmine Pariante 6 , Paola Dazzan 1 , Valeria Mondelli 6 , Alessandra Paparelli 1 , Anna Kolliakou 1 , Diana Prata 1 , Fiona Gaughran 1 , Anthony S David 1 , Craig Morgan 5 , Daniel Stahl 7 , Mizanur Khondoker 7 , James H MacCabe 1 , Robin M Murray 1
Affiliation  

UNLABELLED Cannabis use is associated with an earlier age of onset of psychosis (AOP). However, the reasons for this remain debated. METHODS We applied a Cox proportional hazards model to 410 first-episode psychosis patients to investigate the association between gender, patterns of cannabis use, and AOP. RESULTS Patients with a history of cannabis use presented with their first episode of psychosis at a younger age (mean years = 28.2, SD = 8.0; median years = 27.1) than those who never used cannabis (mean years = 31.4, SD = 9.9; median years = 30.0; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.16-1.74; P < .001). This association remained significant after controlling for gender (HR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.11-1.68; P < .001). Those who had started cannabis at age 15 or younger had an earlier onset of psychosis (mean years = 27.0, SD = 6.2; median years = 26.9) than those who had started after 15 years (mean years = 29.1, SD = 8.5; median years = 27.8; HR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.06-1.84; P = .050). Importantly, subjects who had been using high-potency cannabis (skunk-type) every day had the earliest onset (mean years = 25.2, SD = 6.3; median years = 24.6) compared to never users among all the groups tested (HR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.50- 2.65; P < .0001); these daily users of high-potency cannabis had an onset an average of 6 years earlier than that of non-cannabis users. CONCLUSIONS Daily use, especially of high-potency cannabis, drives the earlier onset of psychosis in cannabis users.

中文翻译:

日常使用,尤其是高效大麻的使用,会导致大麻使用者更早出现精神病。

未标记的大麻使用与较早的精神病发病年龄(AOP)有关。然而,其原因仍有争议。方法 我们对 410 名首发精神病患者应用 Cox 比例风险模型来调查性别、大麻使用模式和 AOP 之间的关联。结果 与从未使用过大麻的患者(平均年 = 31.4,SD = 9.9;年中位数 = 30.0;风险比 [HR] = 1.42;95% CI:1.16-1.74;P < .001)。在控制性别后,这种关联仍然显着(HR = 1.39;95% CI:1.11-1.68;P < .001)。那些在 15 岁或更年轻时开始使用大麻的人出现精神病的时间较早(平均年龄 = 27.0,SD = 6.2;中位年 = 26.9)比 15 年后开始(平均年 = 29.1,SD = 8.5;中位年 = 27.8;HR = 1.40;95% CI:1.06-1.84;P = .050)。重要的是,每天使用高效大麻(臭鼬型)的受试者发病时间最早(平均年数 = 25.2,标准差 = 6.3;中位年数 = 24.6),而在所有测试组中从不使用大麻(HR = 1.99) ; 95% CI: 1.50- 2.65; P < .0001); 这些高效大麻的日常使用者比非大麻使用者平均早 6 年发病。结论 日常使用,尤其是高效大麻的使用,会导致大麻使用者更早出现精神病。在所有测试组中,每天使用高效大麻(臭鼬型)的受试者发病时间最早(平均年 = 25.2,SD = 6.3;中位年 = 24.6),而从未使用过的受试者(HR = 1.99;95 % CI:1.50-2.65;P < .0001);这些高效大麻的日常使用者比非大麻使用者平均早 6 年发病。结论 日常使用,尤其是高效大麻的使用,会导致大麻使用者更早出现精神病。在所有测试组中,每天使用高效大麻(臭鼬型)的受试者发病时间最早(平均年 = 25.2,SD = 6.3;中位年 = 24.6),而从未使用过的受试者(HR = 1.99;95 % CI:1.50-2.65;P < .0001);这些高效大麻的日常使用者比非大麻使用者平均早 6 年发病。结论 日常使用,尤其是高效大麻的使用,会导致大麻使用者更早出现精神病。
更新日期:2013-12-17
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