It is widely accepted that Hebbian forms of plasticity mediate selective modifications in synaptic strength underlying information encoding in response to experience and circuit formation or refinement throughout development. Several complementary forms of homeostatic plasticity coordinate to keep Hebbian plasticity in check, frequently through the actions of conserved regulatory molecules. Recent evidence suggests that this may be the case for adenosine, which is ubiquitous in the brain and is released by both neurons and glial cells via constitutive and activity-dependent mechanisms. Through A1 and A2A receptor activation, adenosine modulates neuronal homeostasis and tunes the ability of synapses to undergo and/or sustain plasticity. Here, we review how adenosine equilibrates neuronal activity and sets the stage for synaptic plasticity.

中文翻译：

---

腺苷：为可塑性奠定基础

人们普遍认为，赫布形式的可塑性在整个发育过程中响应经验和电路形成或细化，介导信息编码基础突触强度的选择性修改。几种互补形式的稳态可塑性协调以控制赫布可塑性，通常通过保守调节分子的作用。最近的证据表明，腺苷可能就是这种情况，它在大脑中无处不在，并通过组成性和活动依赖性机制由神经元和神经胶质细胞释放。通过 A1 和 A2A 受体激活，腺苷调节神经元稳态并调节突触接受和/或维持可塑性的能力。在这里，我们回顾了腺苷如何平衡神经元活动并为突触可塑性奠定基础。