Although it has been hypothesized that the association of physical activity with depressive and anxiety symptoms is bidirectional, few studies have examined this issue in a prospective setting. We studied this bidirectional association using data on physical activity and symptoms of anxiety and depression at three points in time over 8 years. A total of 9,309 participants of the British Whitehall II prospective cohort study provided data on physical activity, anxiety and depression symptoms and 10 covariates at baseline in 1985. We analysed the associations of physical activity with anxiety and/or depression symptoms using multinomial logistic regression (with anxiety and depression symptoms as dependent variables) and binary logistic regression (with physical activity as the dependent variable). There was a cross-sectional inverse association between physical activity and anxiety and/or depressive symptoms at baseline (ORs between 0.63 and 0.72). In cumulative analyses, regular physical activity across all three data waves, but not irregular physical activity, was associated with reduced likelihood of depressive symptoms at follow-up (OR = 0.71, 95 % CI 0.54, 0.99). In a converse analysis, participants with anxiety and depression symptoms at baseline had higher odds of not meeting the recommended levels of physical activity at follow-up (OR = 1.79, 95 % CI 1.17, 2.74). This was also the case in individuals with anxiety and/or depression symptoms at both baseline and follow-up (OR = 1.70, 95 % CI 1.10, 2.63). The association between physical activity and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression appears to be bidirectional.

中文翻译：

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身体活动与焦虑和抑郁症状之间的双向关联：Whitehall II 研究。

虽然有人假设身体活动与抑郁和焦虑症状的关联是双向的，但很少有研究在前瞻性环境中研究这个问题。我们使用超过 8 年的三个时间点的身体活动和焦虑和抑郁症状的数据研究了这种双向关联。英国白厅 II 前瞻性队列研究的 9,309 名参与者提供了 1985 年基线时的体力活动、焦虑和抑郁症状的数据以及 10 个协变量。我们使用多项逻辑回归分析了体力活动与焦虑和/或抑郁症状的关联。以焦虑和抑郁症状为因变量）和二元逻辑回归（以体力活动为因变量）。基线时体力活动与焦虑和/或抑郁症状之间存在横断面负相关（OR 介于 0.63 和 0.72 之间）。在累积分析中，所有三个数据波中的规律体力活动，而不是不规律的体力活动，与随访时出现抑郁症状的可能性降低相关（OR = 0.71, 95 % CI 0.54, 0.99）。在相反的分析中，基线时有焦虑和抑郁症状的参与者在随访时没有达到推荐的体力活动水平的几率更高（OR = 1.79，95 % CI 1.17，2.74）。在基线和随访时都有焦虑和/或抑郁症状的个体也是这种情况（OR = 1.70, 95 % CI 1.10, 2.63）。身体活动与焦虑和/或抑郁症状之间的关联似乎是双向的。