Persistent viral infections, inflammatory syndromes and ageing all induce the accumulation of highly differentiated CD45RA re-expressing memory T cells. These cells increase during ageing, especially in individuals who are infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV). These cells have decreased proliferative capacity, increased activation of senescence signalling pathways and greater susceptibility to apoptosis in vitro. However these cells are capable of multiple effector functions and thus bear all the hallmarks of short-lived effector T cells. This indicates that senescence signalling may govern the unique characteristics of effector T cells. In this article, we address the functional and migratory properties of these T cells and mechanisms that are involved in their generation. Finally we assess the potential for manipulation of their activity and whether this may improve immune function during ageing.

中文翻译：

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由 CD45RA 重新表达定义的终末期人类 T 细胞的特性。

持续的病毒感染、炎症综合征和衰老都会诱导高度分化的 CD45RA 重新表达记忆 T 细胞的积累。这些细胞在衰老过程中会增加，尤其是在感染巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 的个体中。这些细胞的增殖能力降低，衰老信号通路的激活增加，对体外细胞凋亡的敏感性更高。然而，这些细胞具有多种效应器功能，因此具有短寿命效应 T 细胞的所有特征。这表明衰老信号可能控制效应 T 细胞的独特特征。在本文中，我们将讨论这些 T 细胞的功能和迁移特性，以及它们生成过程中涉及的机制。