Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and lychee (Litchi chinensis) are tropical trees in the Sapindaceae that produce delicious edible fruits and are increasingly cultivated in tropical regions. These trees are afflicted with a stem canker disease associated with the ascomycete Dolabra nepheliae. Previously known from Asia and Australia, this fungus was recently reported from Hawaii and Puerto Rico. The sexual and asexual states of Dolabra nepheliae are redescribed and illustrated. In addition, the ITS and large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal DNA plus fragments from the genes RPB2, TEF1, and the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit were sequenced for three isolates of D. nepheliae and compared with other sequences of ascomycetes. It was determined that D. nepheliae represents a new lineage within the Eurotiomycetes allied with Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, the causal agent of Petri grapevine decline.

红毛丹 ( Nephelium lappaceum ) 和荔枝 ( Litchi chinensis ) 是无患子科的热带树木，可结出可口的可食用果实，在热带地区越来越多地种植。这些树木患有与子囊菌Dolabra nepheliae相关的茎溃疡病。以前在亚洲和澳大利亚已知这种真菌，最近在夏威夷和波多黎各报道了这种真菌。重新描述和说明了Dolabra nepheliae的有性和无性状态。此外，对核糖体 DNA 的 ITS 和大亚基以及来自基因RPB2、TEF1和线粒体小核糖体亚基的片段进行了测序，可用于三个分离株D. nepheliae并与其他子囊菌序列进行比较。确定D. nepheliae代表了 Eurotiomycetes 中的一个新谱系，与Phaeomoniella chlamydospora结盟，这是 Petri 葡萄树衰退的原因。