The most common neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are characterized by the misfolding of a small number of proteins that assemble into ordered aggregates in affected brain cells. For many years, the events leading to aggregate formation were believed to be entirely cell-autonomous, with protein misfolding occurring independently in many cells. Recent research has now shown that cell non-autonomous mechanisms are also important for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases with intracellular filamentous inclusions. The intercellular transfer of inclusions made of tau, alpha-synuclein, huntingtin and superoxide dismutase 1 has been demonstrated, revealing the existence of mechanisms reminiscent of those by which prions spread through the nervous system.

中文翻译：

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朊病毒样蛋白包涵体在神经退行性疾病中的传播

最常见的神经退行性疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病，其特征是少量蛋白质错误折叠，这些蛋白质在受影响的脑细胞中组装成有序的聚集体。多年来，导致聚集体形成的事件被认为是完全细胞自主的，蛋白质错误折叠在许多细胞中独立发生。最近的研究表明，细胞非自主机制对于具有细胞内丝状包涵体的神经退行性疾病的发病机制也很重要。已经证明了由 tau、α-突触核蛋白、亨廷顿蛋白和超氧化物歧化酶 1 制成的内含物的细胞间转移，揭示了朊病毒在神经系统中传播的机制的存在。