Ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors and voltage-gated ion channels assemble from several homologous and non-homologous subunits. Assembly of these multimeric membrane proteins is a tightly controlled process subject to primary and secondary quality control mechanisms. An assembly pathway involving a dimerization of dimers has been demonstrated for a voltage-gated potassium channel and for different types of glutamate receptors. While many novel C-terminal assembly domains have been identified in various members of the voltage-gated cation channel superfamily, the assembly pathways followed by these proteins remain largely elusive. Recent progress on the recognition of polar residues in the transmembrane segments of membrane proteins by the retrieval factor Rer1 is likely to be relevant for the further investigation of trafficking defects in channelopathies. This mechanism might also contribute to controlling the assembly of ion channels by retrieving unassembled subunits to the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is a metabolic compartment studded with small molecule transporters. This environment provides ligands that have recently been shown to act as pharmacological chaperones in the biogenesis of ligand-gated ion channels. Future progress depends on the improvement of tools, in particular the antibodies used by the field, and the continued exploitation of genetically tractable model organisms in screens and physiological experiments.

中文翻译：

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神经递质受体和离子通道的运输和组装概述（综述）。

离子型神经递质受体和电压门控离子通道由几个同源和非同源亚基组装而成。这些多聚体膜蛋白的组装是一个严格控制的过程，受一级和二级质量控制机制的影响。对于电压门控钾通道和不同类型的谷氨酸受体，已经证明了涉及二聚体二聚化的组装途径。虽然在电压门控阳离子通道超家族的各种成员中已经鉴定出许多新的 C 端组装结构域，但这些蛋白质遵循的组装途径在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。通过检索因子 Rer1 识别膜蛋白跨膜片段中极性残基的最新进展可能与进一步研究通道病中的运输缺陷有关。这种机制也可能有助于通过将未组装的亚基检索到内质网来控制离子通道的组装。内质网是布满小分子转运蛋白的代谢区室。这种环境提供的配体最近已被证明在配体门控离子通道的生物发生中充当药理学伴侣。未来的进展取决于工具的改进，特别是该领域使用的抗体，以及在筛选和生理实验中对遗传易处理模型生物的持续开发。这种机制也可能有助于通过将未组装的亚基检索到内质网来控制离子通道的组装。内质网是布满小分子转运蛋白的代谢区室。这种环境提供的配体最近已被证明在配体门控离子通道的生物发生中充当药理学伴侣。未来的进展取决于工具的改进，特别是该领域使用的抗体，以及在筛选和生理实验中对遗传易处理模型生物的持续开发。这种机制也可能有助于通过将未组装的亚基检索到内质网来控制离子通道的组装。内质网是一个布满小分子转运蛋白的代谢区室。这种环境提供的配体最近已被证明在配体门控离子通道的生物发生中充当药理学伴侣。未来的进展取决于工具的改进，特别是该领域使用的抗体，以及在筛选和生理实验中对遗传易处理模型生物的持续开发。这种环境提供的配体最近已被证明在配体门控离子通道的生物发生中充当药理学伴侣。未来的进展取决于工具的改进，特别是该领域使用的抗体，以及在筛选和生理实验中对遗传易处理模型生物的持续开发。这种环境提供的配体最近已被证明在配体门控离子通道的生物发生中充当药理学伴侣。未来的进展取决于工具的改进，特别是该领域使用的抗体，以及在筛选和生理实验中对遗传易处理模型生物的持续开发。