Those with alcohol dependence are characteristically impulsive. It is unclear whether the same is true of hazardous drinkers (i.e., women routinely drinking more than 14 units in a typical week but fewer than 35, and men drinking more than 14 units but fewer than 50). Yet, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in such drinking, since it places the drinker at risk for future harm. The present study thus comprehensively assessed whether impulsivity was elevated in hazardous drinkers, compared to lighter drinkers. An opportunity sample of 57 light and 49 hazardous drinkers was assessed on the following impulsivity subdomains (via the measures in parentheses): (i) trait impulsivity (the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11); (ii) temporal impulsivity (the Monetary Choice Questionnaire); (iii) stopping impulsivity (the Stop-Signal Task); (iv) waiting impulsivity (the Continuous Performance Task or CPT); (v) reward-sensitivity (the Behavioural Activation Scales); and (vi) risk-taking (the Balloon Analogue Risk Task). Alcohol- and other drug-dependent individuals were excluded from the study, while socio-demographics (age, gender, and socio-economic status), mood, binge drinking, and nicotine intake were all controlled for. The groups were compared via a series of Bonferroni-corrected, independent-measures t tests. The results revealed that hazardous drinkers were more impulsive than light drinkers on the CPT; there were no other statistically significant group differences. Consistent with the above, a logistic regression, with drinking group as the dependent variable and the impulsivity indices as independent variables, revealed that only CPT performance was a significant predictor of drinking status. Other than gender, none of the control variables significantly correlated with CPT performance. A sequential linear regression revealed that drinking status continued to predict CPT performance, after first accounting for gender. Thus, from a battery of impulsivity measures, only waiting impulsivity (i.e., CPT score) was elevated in hazardous drinkers, relative to lighter drinkers. Waiting impulsivity may thus be important in the maintenance of hazardous drinking.

中文翻译：

---

危险饮酒者比轻饮者更容易冲动吗？对年轻人的综合评估。

那些有酒精依赖的人会表现出冲动。目前尚不清楚危险饮酒者是否也是如此（即，女性通常在一个典型的星期内喝酒超过14单位，但少于35，而男性喝酒超过14单位，但少于50）。但是，了解这种饮酒的机制很重要，因为它会使饮酒者面临将来受到伤害的风险。因此，本研究全面评估了与较轻的饮酒者相比，危险饮酒者的冲动性是否升高。在以下冲动性子域（通过括号内的度量）评估了57名轻度饮酒者和49名危险饮酒者的机会样本：（i）性冲动（Barratt冲动量表，第11版）；（ii）时间冲动（货币选择问卷）；（iii）停止冲动（停止信号任务）；（iv）等待冲动（持续绩效任务或CPT）；（v）奖励敏感性（行为激活量表）；（vi）冒险（气球类比风险任务）。酒精和其他依赖药物的个体被排除在研究之外，而社会人口统计学（年龄，性别和社会经济状况），情绪，暴饮和尼古丁摄入均得到控制。通过一系列经Bonferroni校正的独立测量t检验比较各组。结果表明，在CPT上，危险饮酒者比轻饮酒者更易冲动。没有其他统计学上显着的组差异。与上述情况一致，以饮酒组为因变量，冲动指数为自变量进行逻辑回归，揭示只有CPT表现是饮酒状态的重要预测指标。除性别外，所有控制变量均与CPT性能无显着相关。顺序线性回归显示，在首次考虑性别之后，饮酒状况继续预测CPT表现。因此，相对于较轻的饮酒者，通过一系列冲动措施，危险饮酒者中仅等待冲动性（即CPT分数）升高。因此，等待冲动可能对维持有害饮酒很重要。从一系列冲动性措施来看，相对于较轻的饮酒者，危险饮酒者仅等待冲动（即CPT分数）升高。因此，等待冲动可能对维持有害饮酒很重要。从一系列冲动性措施来看，相对于较轻的饮酒者，危险饮酒者仅等待冲动（即CPT分数）升高。因此，等待冲动可能对维持有害饮酒很重要。