The existence of genetic control over the abundance of particular taxa and the link of these to energy balance and growth has been documented in model organisms and humans as well as several livestock species. Preliminary evidence of the same mechanisms is currently under investigation in pigs. Future research should expand these results and elicit the extent of genetic control of the gut microbiome population in swine and its relationship with growth efficiency. The quest for a more efficient pig at the interface between the host and its metagenome rests on the central hypothesis that the gut microbiome is an essential component of the variability of growth in all living organisms. Swine do not escape this general rule, and the identification of the significance of the interaction between host and its gut microbiota in the growth process could be a game-changer in the achievement of sustainable and efficient lean meat production. Standard sampling protocols, sequencing techniques, bioinformatic pipelines and methods of analysis will be paramount for the portability of results across experiments and populations. Likewise, characterizing and accounting for temporal and spatial variability will be a necessary step if microbiome is to be utilized routinely as an aid to selection.

中文翻译：

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微生物组与猪效率之间的相互作用：综述

在模式生物和人类以及几种牲畜物种中，已经记录了对特定分类群丰度的遗传控制以及这些与能量平衡和生长之间的联系。目前正在研究猪的相同机制的初步证据。未来的研究应该扩大这些结果，并引出猪肠道微生物群的遗传控制程度及其与生长效率的关系。在宿主与其宏基因组之间寻找更高效的猪的基础是一个核心假设，即肠道微生物组是所有生物体生长变异的重要组成部分。猪不会逃避这条一般规则，确定宿主与其肠道微生物群在生长过程中相互作用的重要性可能会改变游戏规则，实现可持续和高效的瘦肉生产。标准采样协议、测序技术、生物信息学管道和分析方法对于跨实验和人群结果的可移植性至关重要。同样，如果要常规利用微生物组作为选择的辅助手段，那么表征和解释时间和空间变异性将是必要的步骤。