Extracellular purines (ATP and adenosine) are ubiquitous intercellular messengers. During tissular damage, they function as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In this context, purines announce tissue alterations to initiate a reparative response that involve the formation of the inflammasome complex and the recruitment of specialized cells of the immune system. The present review focuses on the role of the purinergic system in liver damage, mainly during the onset and development of fibrosis. After hepatocellular injury, extracellular ATP promotes a signaling cascade that ameliorates tissue alterations to restore the hepatic function. However, if cellular damage becomes chronic, ATP orchestrates an aberrant reparative process that results in severe liver diseases such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. ATP and adenosine, their receptors, and extracellular ectonucleotidases are mediators of unique processes that will be reviewed in detail.

中文翻译：

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肝病中的嘌呤能信号传导。

细胞外嘌呤（ATP和腺苷）是普遍存在的细胞间信使。在组织损伤期间，它们起着与损伤相关的分子模式（DAMP）的作用。在这种情况下，嘌呤宣布组织改变以启动修复反应，该反应涉及炎性体复合物的形成和免疫系统特殊细胞的募集。本文主要研究嘌呤能系统在肝损伤中的作用，主要是在纤维化的发生和发展过程中。肝细胞损伤后，细胞外ATP促进信号传导级联，改善组织改变以恢复肝功能。但是，如果细胞损伤变为慢性，ATP会组织异常的修复过程，从而导致严重的肝脏疾病，例如纤维化和肝硬化。ATP和腺苷，它们的受体，