The development of a severe invasive bacterial infection in an otherwise healthy individual is one of the most striking and fascinating aspects of human medicine. A small cadre of gram-positive pathogens of the genera Streptococcus and Staphylococcus stand out for their unique invasive disease potential and sophisticated ability to counteract the multifaceted components of human innate defense. This review illustrates how these leading human disease agents evade host complement deposition and activation, impede phagocyte recruitment and activation, resist the microbicidal activities of host antimicrobial peptides and reactive oxygen species, escape neutrophil extracellular traps, and promote and accelerate phagocyte cell death through the action of pore-forming cytolysins. Understanding the molecular basis of bacterial innate immune resistance can open new avenues for therapeutic intervention geared to disabling specific virulence factors and resensitizing the pathogen to host innate immune clearance.

中文翻译：

---

诡计和破坏：侵入性革兰氏阳性细菌病原体逃避宿主先天防御。

在其他方面健康的个体中发生严重的侵入性细菌感染是人类医学最引人注目和最引人入胜的方面之一。一小部分链球菌属和葡萄球菌属革兰氏阳性病原体因其独特的侵袭性疾病潜力和对抗人类先天防御的多方面成分的复杂能力而脱颖而出。这篇综述阐述了这些主要的人类疾病病原体如何逃避宿主补体沉积和激活，阻碍吞噬细胞的募集和激活，抵抗宿主抗菌肽和活性氧的杀微生物活性，逃避中性粒细胞胞外陷阱，并通过作用促进和加速吞噬细胞死亡。成孔溶细胞素。