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Influence of microRNAs and exosomes in muscle health and diseases.
Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09555-5
Ngoc Thien Lam 1, 2 , Melanie Gartz 2, 3 , Leah Thomas 1, 2 , Margaret Haberman 1, 2 , Jennifer L Strande 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

microRNAs are short, (18–22 nt) non-coding RNAs involved in important cellular processes due to their ability to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Exosomes are small (50–200 nm) extracellular vesicles, naturally secreted from a variety of living cells and are believed to mediate cell–cell communication through multiple mechanisms, including uptake in destination cells. Circulating microRNAs and exosome-derived microRNAs can have key roles in regulating muscle cell development and differentiation. Several microRNAs are highly expressed in muscle and their regulation is important for myocyte homeostasis. Changes in muscle associated microRNA expression are associated with muscular diseases including muscular dystrophies, inflammatory myopathies, and congenital myopathies. In this review, we aim to highlight the biology of microRNAs and exosomes as well as their roles in muscle health and diseases. We also discuss the potential crosstalk between skeletal and cardiac muscle through exosomes and their contents.



中文翻译:

microRNA 和外泌体对肌肉健康和疾病的影响。

microRNA 是短的(18-22 nt)非编码 RNA,由于它们能够在转录后水平调节基因表达,因此参与重要的细胞过程。外泌体是小型(50-200 nm)的细胞外囊泡,由多种活细胞自然分泌,被认为通过多种机制介导细胞间通讯,包括目标细胞的摄取。循环 microRNA 和外泌体衍生的 microRNA 在调节肌肉细胞发育和分化中发挥关键作用。几种 microRNA 在肌肉中高表达,它们的调节对于肌细胞稳态非常重要。肌肉相关 microRNA 表达的变化与肌肉疾病相关,包括肌营养不良、炎症性肌病和先天性肌病。在这篇综述中,我们的目标是强调 microRNA 和外泌体的生物学及其在肌肉健康和疾病中的作用。我们还讨论了骨骼肌和心肌通过外泌体及其内容物之间的潜在串扰。

更新日期:2019-09-28
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