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Genetic analysis of the mandible morphology in DDD.Cg-Ay/Sgn and C57BL/6J inbred mice.
Journal of Genetics ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-24
Jun-Ichi Suto 1
Affiliation  

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping analysis was performed for the mandible morphology in DDD.Cg-Ay/Sgn and C57BL/6J inbred mice. The size and shape of the mandible was analysed by landmark-based geometric morphometrics as the centroid size and principal components (PCs), respectively. The Ay allele at the agouti locus significantly reduced the mandible size in DDD/Sgn background, and substantially altered the mandible shape in both strain backgrounds. Single-QTL scans, by including the agouti locus genotype (Ay or non-Ay) as an additive covariate, identified three significant QTL for the centroid size on chromosomes 5, 6 and 17, along with four suggestive QTL on chromosomes 2, 12, 18 and 19. These QTLs explained 46.85% of the centroid size variation in F2 mice. When the F2Ay and F2 non-Ay mice were analysed separately, additional significant QTL were identified on chromosomes 12 and 15 in F2 non-Ay mice. Single-QTL scans also identified 15 significant QTL for the PC1, PC2 and PC3. When the agouti locus genotype was included as an interactive covariate, nine significant QTLs were identified. Unexpectedly, these agouti-interacting QTLs were identified for relatively minor PCs, for which no significant single-QTL were identified. Therefore, it was suggested that the alteration of the mandible shape in Ay mice was the consequence of interactions between the Ay allele and genes that themselves have relatively small phenotypic effect. Although further in vivo studies are required, we postulated Pkd1 as a possible candidate gene underlying QTL for the centroid size on chromosome 17.

中文翻译:

DDD.Cg-Ay / Sgn和C57BL / 6J近交小鼠下颌形态的遗传分析。

对DDD.Cg-Ay / Sgn和C57BL / 6J近交小鼠的下颌骨形态进行了定量性状基因座(QTL)作图分析。下颌骨的大小和形状通过基于界标的几何形态计量学分别作为质心大小和主成分(PC)进行分析。刺骨基因座处的Ay等位基因显着减小了DDD / Sgn背景中的下颌骨大小,并显着改变了两个菌株背景中的下颌骨形状。单QTL扫描通过包括刺豚鼠基因座基因型(Ay或non-Ay)作为加性协变量,鉴定出5、6和17号染色​​体上质心大小的三个重要QTL,以及2、12号染色体上的四个提示性QTL。参见图18和19。这些QTL解释了F2小鼠中46.85%的质心大小变化。当分别分析F2Ay和F2非Ay小鼠时,在F2非Ay小鼠的12号和15号染色体上发现了其他重要的QTL。单一QTL扫描还为PC1,PC2和PC3确定了15个重要的QTL。当包括刺豚鼠基因座基因型作为交互式协变量时,鉴定出九个重要的QTL。出乎意料的是,这些与古尼相互作用的QTL是为相对较小的PC识别的,而这些PC并未识别出明显的单个QTL。因此,提示Ay小鼠下颌骨形状的改变是Ay等位基因与自身具有相对较小表型效应的基因之间相互作用的结果。尽管需要进行进一步的体内研究,但我们推测Pkd1是17号染色​​体上质心大小的潜在QTL候选基因。单一QTL扫描还为PC1,PC2和PC3确定了15个重要的QTL。当将刺豚鼠基因座基因型作为交互式协变量纳入时,确定了9个重要的QTL。出乎意料的是,针对相对较小的PC识别了这些与古迪相互作用的QTL,而对于这些PC而言,没有发现明显的单个QTL。因此,提示Ay小鼠下颌骨形状的改变是Ay等位基因与自身具有相对较小表型效应的基因之间相互作用的结果。尽管需要进行进一步的体内研究,我们推测Pkd1是QTL潜在的候选基因,位于QTL上,位于17号染色​​体上。单一QTL扫描还为PC1,PC2和PC3确定了15个重要的QTL。当将刺豚鼠基因座基因型作为交互式协变量纳入时,确定了9个重要的QTL。出乎意料的是,针对相对较小的PC识别了这些与古迪相互作用的QTL,而对于这些PC而言,没有发现明显的单个QTL。因此,提示Ay小鼠下颌骨形状的改变是Ay等位基因与自身具有相对较小表型效应的基因之间相互作用的结果。尽管需要进行进一步的体内研究,我们推测Pkd1是QTL潜在的候选基因,位于QTL上,位于17号染色​​体上。出乎意料的是,针对相对较小的PC识别了这些与古迪相互作用的QTL,而对于这些PC而言,没有发现明显的单个QTL。因此,提示Ay小鼠下颌骨形状的改变是Ay等位基因与自身具有相对较小表型效应的基因之间相互作用的结果。尽管需要进行进一步的体内研究,我们推测Pkd1是QTL潜在的候选基因,位于QTL上,位于17号染色​​体上。出乎意料的是,针对相对较小的PC识别了这些与古迪相互作用的QTL,而对于这些PC而言,没有发现明显的单个QTL。因此,提示Ay小鼠下颌骨形状的改变是Ay等位基因与自身具有相对较小表型效应的基因之间相互作用的结果。尽管需要进行进一步的体内研究,我们推测Pkd1是QTL潜在的候选基因,位于QTL上,位于17号染色​​体上。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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