Chromatin organization, together with DNA and histone modifications, is directly linked to the spatiotemporal control of gene expression that specifies and maintains cell type-specific functions. This is particularly important in the brain where hundreds of cell types with distinct functions reside. Recent advances in molecular and computational technologies have enabled the query of chromatin architecture at unprecedented resolution and detail. Here, we review recent studies on the emerging importance of chromatin architecture in the pathogenesis of brain disorders, with emphasis on schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and unstable repeat expansion disorders. These studies provide molecular insights into how these brain disorders arise at the level of chromatin architecture and implicate new therapeutic directions.

中文翻译：

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解开染色质结构以深入了解脑部疾病的病因。

染色质的组织以及DNA和组蛋白修饰与基因表达的时空控制直接相关，后者指定并维持细胞类型特异性功能。这在大脑中存有数百种具有不同功能的细胞类型中尤其重要。分子和计算技术的最新进展使得能够以前所未有的分辨率和细节查询染色质体系。在这里，我们回顾了关于染色质结构在脑部疾病发病机理中新兴重要性的最新研究，重点是精神分裂症，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和不稳定重复扩增障碍。这些研究提供了关于这些脑部疾病如何在染色质结构水平上发生的分子见解，并暗示了新的治疗方向。