Bone remodeling is essential for the repair and replacement of damaged and old bone. The major principle underlying this process is that osteoclast-mediated resorption of a quantum of bone is followed by osteoblast precursor recruitment; these cells differentiate to matrix-producing osteoblasts, which form new bone to replace what was resorbed. Evidence from osteopetrotic syndromes indicate that osteoclasts not only resorb bone, but also provide signals to promote bone formation. Osteoclasts act upon osteoblast lineage cells throughout their differentiation by facilitating growth factor release from resorbed matrix, producing secreted proteins and microvesicles, and expressing membrane-bound factors. These multiple mechanisms mediate the coupling of bone formation to resorption in remodeling. Additional interactions of osteoclasts with osteoblast lineage cells, including interactions with canopy and reversal cells, are required to achieve coordination between bone formation and resorption during bone remodeling.

中文翻译：

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破骨细胞通过多种机制向成骨细胞谱系细胞提供偶联信号。

骨重塑对于修复和替换受损的旧骨至关重要。该过程的主要原理是破骨细胞介导的骨量子吸收，然后是成骨细胞前体募集。这些细胞分化为产生基质的成骨细胞，后者形成新的骨骼来代替被吸收的骨骼。骨质疏松症候群的证据表明，破骨细胞不仅能吸收骨骼，而且还能提供促进骨骼形成的信号。破骨细胞通过促进生长因子从被吸收的基质中释放，产生分泌的蛋白质和微泡以及表达膜结合因子，在整个分化过程中对成骨细胞谱系细胞起作用。这些多种机制介导了骨形成与重塑中吸收的耦合。