Cytokines have a myriad role in an infectious disease, whether being pathogenic, bacterial, or viral. All proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine biological function are dependent on its concentration, followed by combination with the other cytokines and the stage of the disease. Plasticity in switching off from one phenotype to the other of these regulatory mediators in congruence with the traditional concept of inhibitory and stimulatory effects on immune system is dealt with. This review highlights the dual functionality of some of these cytokines and cytokine-based immunotherapy.

中文翻译：

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传染病中的细胞因子环境：利剑还是福音？

细胞因子在传染病中具有无数的作用，无论是致病性的、细菌性的还是病毒性的。所有促炎和抗炎细胞因子的生物学功能都取决于其浓度，其次是与其他细胞因子的结合和疾病的阶段。处理从一种表型到另一种这些调节介质的可塑性，与对免疫系统的抑制和刺激作用的传统概念一致。本综述强调了其中一些细胞因子和基于细胞因子的免疫疗法的双重功能。