Research in affective science has shown that trait positive affect reduces the risk of developing disease and is protective against the progression of certain diseases. Research also suggests that trait positive affect predisposes individuals to more frequent experiences of positive emotional states. The undoing effect has been proposed as a potential mechanism explaining how positive emotions influence health outcomes. According to this hypothesis, the experience of state positive emotions or positive affect contributes to faster recovery from the body’s physiological response to stress. This paper critically reviews literature concerning the undoing hypothesis. Several common methodological weaknesses were identified, including conceptual and design issues. Based on the reviewed studies two separate conclusions were drawn. First, there was insufficient evidence to conclude that the occurrence of positive emotional states speeds physiological recovery. Second, there was insufficient evidence to evaluate the undoing hypothesis as a potential mechanism through which state positive emotions affect health. Future research should focus on identifying the key parameters responsible for demonstrating the undoing effect when it is observed in order to understand how the experience of positive emotions may exert positive effects on health outcomes.

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对“不做假说”的批判性评论：积极情绪是否可以消除压力的影响？

情感科学方面的研究表明，特质积极影响降低了患疾病的风险，并可以预防某些疾病的发展。研究还表明，特质积极影响使个人更容易经历积极情绪状态。已经提出消除作用是解释积极情绪如何影响健康结果的潜在机制。根据该假设，状态积极情绪或积极影响的经历有助于更快地从身体对压力的生理反应中恢复。本文对有关撤消假说的文献进行了严格的评论。确定了几个常见的方法缺陷，包括概念和设计问题。在回顾的研究基础上，得出了两个单独的结论。第一，没有足够的证据得出肯定的情绪状态会加速生理恢复的结论。其次，没有足够的证据来评估无用假设是国家积极情绪影响健康的潜在机制。未来的研究应集中于确定观察到的可证明消除作用的关键参数，以了解积极情绪的体验如何对健康结果产生积极影响。