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Value-based decision making: An interactive activation perspective.
Psychological Review ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1037/rev0000164
Gaurav Suri 1 , James J Gross 2 , James L McClelland 2
Affiliation  

Prominent theories of value-based decision making have assumed that choices are made via the maximization of some objective function (e.g., expected value) and that the process of decision making is serial and unfolds across modular subprocesses (e.g., perception, valuation, and action selection). However, the influence of a large number of contextual variables that are not related to expected value in any direct way and the ubiquitous reciprocity among variables thought to belong to different subprocesses suggest that these assumptions may not always hold. Here, we propose an interactive activation framework for value-based decision making that does not assume that objective function maximization is the only consideration affecting choice or that processing is modular or serial. Our framework holds that processing takes place via the interactive propagation of activation in a set of simple, interconnected processing elements. We use our framework to simulate a broad range of well-known empirical phenomena-primarily focusing on decision contexts that feature nonoptimal decision making and/or interactive (i.e., not serial or modular) processing. Our approach is constrained at Marr's (1982) algorithmic and implementational levels rather than focusing strictly on considerations of optimality at the computational theory level. It invites consideration of the possibility that choice is emergent and that its computation is distributed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

基于价值的决策:交互式激活视角。

基于价值的决策的著名理论假设,选择是通过最大化某个目标函数(例如,期望值)进行的,并且决策过程是串行的,并且在模块化子过程(例如,感知,评估和行动)中展开选择)。但是,大量与预期值不直接相关的上下文变量的影响以及被认为属于不同子过程的变量之间普遍存在的互易性表明,这些假设可能并不总是成立。在这里,我们提出了一个基于价值的决策的交互式激活框架,该框架不假定目标函数最大化是影响选择的唯一考虑因素,也不假定处理是模块化的还是串行的。我们的框架认为,处理是通过一组简单,相互关联的处理元素中的激活的交互传播进行的。我们使用我们的框架来模拟各种众所周知的经验现象,主要集中在具有非最佳决策和/或交互(即,非串行或模块化)处理特征的决策上下文中。我们的方法在Marr(1982)的算法和实现级别上受限制,而不是严格在计算理论级别上关注最优性的考虑。它提请考虑选择出现的可能性及其选择的分布。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。我们使用我们的框架来模拟各种众所周知的经验现象,主要集中在具有非最佳决策和/或交互(即,非串行或模块化)处理特征的决策上下文中。我们的方法在Marr(1982)的算法和实现级别上受限制,而不是严格在计算理论级别上关注最优性的考虑。它提请考虑选择出现的可能性及其选择的分布。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。我们使用我们的框架来模拟各种众所周知的经验现象,主要集中在具有非最佳决策和/或交互(即,非串行或模块化)处理特征的决策上下文中。我们的方法在Marr(1982)的算法和实现级别上受限制,而不是严格在计算理论级别上关注最优性的考虑。它提请考虑选择出现的可能性及其选择的分布。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。s(1982)的算法和实现级别,而不是严格关注计算理论级别的最优性考虑。它提请考虑选择出现的可能性及其选择的分布。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。s(1982)的算法和实现级别,而不是严格关注计算理论级别的最优性考虑。它提请考虑选择出现的可能性及其选择的分布。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2019 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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