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Are cell membrane nanotubes the ancestors of the nervous system?
European Biophysics Journal ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01388-x
H Moysés Nussenzveig 1, 2
Affiliation  

Cell membrane nanotubes, variously referred to as tunneling nanotubes and cytonemes, are currently the focus of much interest. They are of ancient origin, as indicated by their opportunistic use for cell invasion by pathogens, including bacteria and virus, and by their employment in bacterial networking. They play a significant role in cancer invasion and in the explanation of glioblastoma resistance to treatment. Their structure and properties have been investigated with optical tweezers. They have been detected in vivo. Their role in the immune system was early verified. Very recently, it was shown that they share many properties with nerve synapses, including the roles of glutamate and Ca ions. Similar features have also been observed in primitive plants. These results support the conjecture that, besides their roles in immunology, developmental biology and cancer, cell membrane nanotubes are the ancestors of the nervous system.

中文翻译:

细胞膜纳米管是神经系统的祖先吗?

细胞膜纳米管,被不同地称为隧穿纳米管和细胞因子,目前是人们关注的焦点。它们是古老的起源,如它们被机会性地用于病原体(包括细菌和病毒)入侵细胞以及它们在细菌网络中的使用所表明的。它们在癌症侵袭和胶质母细胞瘤对治疗的抗性的解释中起重要作用。它们的结构和性质已经用光镊研究过。它们已在体内被检测到。它们在免疫系统中的作用已得到早期验证。最近,研究表明它们与神经突触具有许多特性,包括谷氨酸和钙离子的作用。在原始植物中也观察到类似的特征。这些结果支持了一种推测,即除了其在免疫学中的作用外,
更新日期:2019-11-01
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