ABSTRACT We examined the roles of maternal and child lifetime stress exposures, infant temperament (orienting/regulation, surgency/extraversion), and maternal caregiving during infancy and preschool on preschoolers’ working memory and inhibitory control in a sociodemographically diverse pregnancy cohort. Working memory was predicted by infant orienting/regulation, with differential effects by the level of maternal cognitive support in infancy; maternal lifetime stress exposures exerted independent negative effects on working memory. Inhibitory control was positively associated with maternal emotionally supportive behaviors in infancy, which mediated the effects of maternal lifetime stress exposures on inhibitory control. These findings have implications for interventions designed to optimize child executive functioning.

中文翻译：

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生活早期压力暴露、照料质量和气质对学龄前儿童工作记忆与抑制控制的不同影响

摘要 我们研究了母婴终生压力暴露、婴儿气质（定向/调节、冲动/外向）以及婴儿期和学龄前母亲的照顾对社会人口统计学多样化妊娠队列中学龄前儿童工作记忆和抑制控制的作用。工作记忆是通过婴儿定向/调节来预测的，婴儿期母亲认知支持水平的影响不同；母亲一生的压力暴露对工作记忆产生了独立的负面影响。抑制控制与婴儿期母亲的情绪支持行为呈正相关，这介导了母亲一生压力暴露对抑制控制的影响。这些发现对旨在优化儿童执行功能的干预措施有影响。