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Judging Truth.
Annual Review of Psychology ( IF 24.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-06 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050807
Nadia M Brashier 1 , Elizabeth J Marsh 2
Affiliation  

Deceptive claims surround us, embedded in fake news, advertisements, political propaganda, and rumors. How do people know what to believe? Truth judgments reflect inferences drawn from three types of information: base rates, feelings, and consistency with information retrieved from memory. First, people exhibit a bias to accept incoming information, because most claims in our environments are true. Second, people interpret feelings, like ease of processing, as evidence of truth. And third, people can (but do not always) consider whether assertions match facts and source information stored in memory. This three-part framework predicts specific illusions (e.g., truthiness, illusory truth), offers ways to correct stubborn misconceptions, and suggests the importance of converging cues in a post-truth world, where falsehoods travel further and faster than the truth.

中文翻译:

判断真相。

虚假新闻,广告,政治宣传和谣言中充斥着欺骗性的主张。人们如何知道该相信什么?真相判断反映了从三种类型的信息中得出的推论:基本速率,感觉以及与从内存中检索到的信息的一致性。首先,人们表现出接受传入信息的偏见,因为我们环境中的大多数主张都是真实的。其次,人们将感觉(如易于处理)解释为真理的证据。第三,人们可以(但不总是)考虑断言是否与事实和存储在存储器中的源信息相匹配。这个由三部分组成的框架可预测特定的幻觉(例如,真实性,虚幻的真实性),提供纠正顽固误解的方法,并提出在真实世界中融合线索的重要性,
更新日期:2020-04-21
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