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Roles of HSV-1 infection-induced microglial immune responses in CNS diseases: friends or foes?
Critical Reviews in Microbiology ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 , DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1660615
Yiliang Wang 1, 2, 3 , Jiaoyan Jia 1, 2, 3 , Yun Wang 4 , Feng Li 1, 2, 3 , Xiaowei Song 1, 2, 3, 5 , Shurong Qin 1, 2, 3, 5 , Zhaoyang Wang 1, 2, 3 , Kaio Kitazato 6 , Yifei Wang 1, 2
Affiliation  

Microglia, as brain-resident macrophages, are the first line of defense against brain invading pathogens. Further, their dysfunction has been recognized to be closely associated with mounting CNS diseases. Of note, chronic HSV-1 infection leads to the persistent activation of microglia, which elicit a comprehensive response by generating certain factors with neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects. CNS infection with HSV-1 results in herpes simplex encephalitis and herpes simplex keratitis. Microglial immune response plays a crucial role in the development of these diseases. Moreover, HSV-1 infection is strongly associated with several CNS diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. These CNS diseases can be effectively ameliorated by eliciting an appropriate immune response, such as inhibition of microglial proliferation and activation. Therefore, it is crucial to reassess the positive and negative roles of microglia in HSV-1 CNS infection for a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the relationship between microglia and CNS diseases. Hence, the present review focuses on the dual roles of microglia in mediating HSV-1 CNS infection, as well as on the strategy of targeting microglia to ameliorate CNS diseases. Further research in this field can help comprehensively elucidate the dual role of the microglial immune response in HSV-1 CNS infection, providing a theoretical basis for identifying therapeutic targets against overactive microglia in CNS diseases and HSV-1 infection.

中文翻译:

HSV-1感染引起的小胶质细胞免疫反应在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用:是敌还是友?

小胶质细胞作为常驻巨噬细胞,是抵御脑部入侵病原体的第一道防线。此外,已经认识到它们的功能障碍与中枢神经系统疾病的发作密切相关。值得注意的是,慢性HSV-1感染导致小胶质细胞的持续活化,通过产生某些具有神经毒性和神经保护作用的因子来引起小胶质细胞的全面反应。HSV-1感染中枢神经系统会导致单纯疱疹性脑炎和单纯疱疹性角膜炎。小胶质细胞免疫反应在这些疾病的发展中起着至关重要的作用。此外,HSV-1感染与几种中枢神经系统疾病(尤其是阿尔茨海默氏病和精神分裂症)密切相关。这些中枢神经系统疾病可通过引发适当的免疫反应而得到有效缓解,如抑制小胶质细胞的增殖和活化。因此,重新评估小胶质细胞在HSV-1 CNS感染中的积极作用和消极作用,对于更全面和详细地了解小胶质细胞与中枢神经系统疾病之间的关系至关重要。因此,本综述着重于小胶质细胞在介导HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,以及针对小胶质细胞改善CNS疾病的策略。该领域的进一步研究可以帮助全面阐明小胶质细胞免疫反应在HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,为确定针对中枢神经系统疾病和HSV-1感染中的小胶质细胞过度活跃的治疗靶点提供理论依据。重新评估小胶质细胞在HSV-1 CNS感染中的积极作用和消极作用,对于更全面和详细地了解小胶质细胞与中枢神经系统疾病之间的关系至关重要。因此,本综述着重于小胶质细胞在介导HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,以及针对小胶质细胞改善CNS疾病的策略。该领域的进一步研究可以帮助全面阐明小胶质细胞免疫反应在HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,为确定针对中枢神经系统疾病和HSV-1感染中的小胶质细胞过度活跃的治疗靶点提供理论依据。重新评估小胶质细胞在HSV-1 CNS感染中的积极作用和消极作用,对于更全面和详细地了解小胶质细胞与中枢神经系统疾病之间的关系至关重要。因此,本综述着重于小胶质细胞在介导HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,以及针对小胶质细胞改善CNS疾病的策略。该领域的进一步研究可以帮助全面阐明小胶质细胞免疫反应在HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,为确定针对中枢神经系统疾病和HSV-1感染中的小胶质细胞过度活跃的治疗靶点提供理论依据。以及针对小胶质细胞改善中枢神经系统疾病的策略。该领域的进一步研究可以帮助全面阐明小胶质细胞免疫反应在HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,为确定针对中枢神经系统疾病和HSV-1感染中的小胶质细胞过度活跃的治疗靶点提供理论依据。以及针对小胶质细胞改善中枢神经系统疾病的策略。该领域的进一步研究可以帮助全面阐明小胶质细胞免疫反应在HSV-1 CNS感染中的双重作用,为确定针对中枢神经系统疾病和HSV-1感染中的小胶质细胞过度活跃的治疗靶点提供理论依据。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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