Current osteoporosis medications reduce fractures significantly but have rare and serious adverse effects (osteonecrosis of the jaw, atypical femoral fractures) that may limit their safety for long-term use. Insights from basic bone biology and genetic disorders have led to recent advances in therapeutics for osteoporosis. New approaches now in clinical use include the antisclerostin monoclonal antibody romosozumab, as well as the parathyroid hormone-related peptide analog abaloparatide. Clinical trial data show significant antifracture benefits with recently approved romosozumab. Studies using abaloparatide build on our longstanding experience with teriparatide and the importance of consolidating the bone mineral density gains achieved from an anabolic agent by following it with an antiresorptive. Combination and sequential treatments using osteoporosis medications with different mechanisms of action have also been tested with promising results. On the horizon is the potential for cell-based therapies (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells) and drugs that target the elimination of senescent cells in the bone microenvironment.

中文翻译：

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骨质疏松症治疗的新领域。

当前的骨质疏松症药物可显着减少骨折，但罕见且严重的不良反应（颌骨骨坏死，非典型股骨骨折）可能会限制其长期使用的安全性。来自基本骨骼生物学和遗传疾病的见解导致了骨质疏松症治疗方法的最新进展。现在临床上使用的新方法包括抗硬化蛋白单克隆抗体romosozumab以及甲状旁腺激素相关的肽类似物aalaoparatide。临床试验数据显示，最近批准的romosozumab具有明显的抗骨折益处。使用Abaloparatide进行的研究建立在我们长期使用teriparatide的经验以及巩固合成代谢药物的抗骨吸收作用来巩固骨矿物质密度增加的重要性的基础上。使用具有不同作用机制的骨质疏松症药物的联合治疗和序贯治疗也得到了测试，结果令人满意。基于细胞的疗法（例如，间充质干细胞）和靶向消除骨微环境中衰老细胞的药物的潜力已经显现。