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Inflammatory processes in obesity: focus on endothelial dysfunction and the role of adipokines as inflammatory mediators.
International Reviews of Immunology ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-09 , DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2019.1638921
Manindra Singh 1 , Fabian Benencia 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Obesity predisposes the affected individuals to several metabolic, inflammatory, cardiovascular and malignant pathologies and is a top risk factor for premature mortality. It is now well known that inflammation has a major causative role in obesity-associated disease development and that obesity favors the establishment of a pro-inflammatory milieu at the level of adipose microenvironment. These inflammatory signals result in a disruption of normal cellular-crosstalk between adipose and non-adipose components leading to an altered metabolic and immunological status and a dysfunctional phenotype. Abnormal secretion of adipokines – small adipose-derived signaling molecules – can further assist in the inflammatory processes to offset the adipose tissue towards a dysfunctional state. Although adipokines have been recognized as the link between obesity and pathogenesis, studies are needed to fully understand their mechanism of action and underscore their therapeutic value. Here, we have reviewed obesity-induced metabolic and immunological changes at the level of vasculature and emphasize on the importance of adipokines, particularly leptin, vaspin and visfatin, for their therapeutic relevance.



中文翻译:

肥胖中的炎症过程:关注内皮功能障碍和脂肪因子作为炎症介质的作用。

肥胖使患病个体易患多种代谢,炎性,心血管和恶性疾病,并且是过早死亡的最高危险因素。现在众所周知,炎症在与肥胖有关的疾病发展中起主要的致病作用,并且肥胖有助于在脂肪微环境水平上建立促炎环境。这些炎症信号导致脂肪和非脂肪成分之间正常细胞串扰的破坏,导致代谢和免疫状态改变以及表型失调。脂肪细胞因子(小的脂肪来源的信号分子)的异常分泌可以进一步协助炎症过程,使脂肪组织向功能障碍的状态偏移。尽管脂肪因子已被认为是肥胖与发病机理之间的联系,但仍需要进行研究以充分了解其作用机理并强调其治疗价值。在这里,我们综述了肥胖引起的代谢在血管系统水平上的变化和免疫学变化,并着重强调了脂肪因子,特别是瘦素,vaspin和visfatin在治疗方面的重要性。

更新日期:2019-07-09
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