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Effects of specific-level versus broad-level training for broad-level category learning in a complex natural science domain.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied ( IF 2.813 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-09 , DOI: 10.1037/xap0000240
Toshiya Miyatsu 1 , Robert M Nosofsky 2 , Mark A McDaniel 1
Affiliation  

Category learning is a core component of course curricula in science education. For instance, geology courses teach categorization of rock types. Using the educationally authentic rock categories, the current project examined whether category learning at a broad-level (BL; igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks) could be enhanced by learning category information at a more specific-level (SL; e.g., diorite under igneous, breccia under sedimentary, etc.). Experiments 1 and 2 showed that SL training was inferior to BL training when participants were required to respond at the BL regardless of whether BL and SL category labels were presented simultaneously during classification training or SL categories were learned initially followed by training on the specific-broad level name associations. However, Experiments 3 and 4 showed that SL training was as good as BL training when the training was more extensive and participants were allowed to respond at the trained level. By considering confusion matrices (i.e., probabilities that instances in a given category was erroneously classified as belonging to other categories), we conjectured that between-SL category similarity, specifically the degree to which similar-looking SL categories belong to the same BL category, is an important factor in determining the efficacy of SL training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

在复杂的自然科学领域中,特定级别培训和广义培训对广泛类别学习的影响。

类别学习是科学教育课程的核心组成部分。例如,地质课程教授岩石类型的分类。本项目使用具有教育意义的岩石类别,研究了是否可以通过在更具体的级别(SL;例如,下闪闪岩)下学习类别信息来增强广义(BL;火成岩,沉积岩和变质岩)的类别学习。火成岩,沉积下的角砾岩等)。实验1和2表明,无论参与者是在分类培训期间同时显示BL和SL类别标签还是最初学习SL类别并随后在特定人群中进行培训,无论参与者是否需要在BL上同时显示BL和SL类别标签,SL培训都比BL培训逊色级别名称关联。然而,实验3和4表明,当SL训练更广泛且允许参与者在训练水平上做出响应时,SL训练与BL训练一样好。通过考虑混淆矩阵(即,给定类别中的实例被错误分类为属于其他类别的概率),我们推测SL类别之间的相似性,特别是看起来相似的SL类别属于同一BL类别的程度,是确定SL训练效果的重要因素。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。给定类别中的实例被错误地归类为属于其他类别的可能性),我们推测SL之间的类别相似性,特别是看起来相似的SL类别属于同一BL类别的程度,是确定SL训练的功效。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。给定类别中的实例被错误地归类为属于其他类别的可能性),我们推测SL之间的类别相似性,特别是看起来相似的SL类别属于同一BL类别的程度,是确定SL训练的功效。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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