Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a rare, immuno-mediated chronic progressive condition of the conjunctiva characterized by blisters developing from sub-epithelial tissue through disruption of the adhesions between the conjunctival epithelium and the sub-epithelium. Patients with ocular MMP, in many cases, develop profound conjunctival scarring and visual impairment. Furthermore, ocular MMP may lead to a progressive secondary corneal vascularization and to corneal opacification. Ocular MMP is difficult to diagnose during the initial stages because of false negatives during biopsy and variability in the clinical presentation. Most of the current pharmacological treatments aim to control the inflammatory response to reduce the progressive tissue remodeling which leads to the formation of a fibrotic scar. The course and prognosis of ocular MMP depend on the severity and progression of the disease after systemic immunomodulatory therapy. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current literature on established and emerging concepts in ocular MMP, with special attention to its clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenic mechanisms, including the role of some cytokines and growth factors in the development of the disease.

中文翻译：

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眼粘膜天疱疮：审查。

眼粘膜天疱疮（MMP）是结膜的一种罕见的，免疫介导的慢性进行性疾病，其特征是通过破坏结膜上皮和上皮下膜之间的粘附，从上皮下组织形成水泡。在许多情况下，患有眼部MMP的患者会出现严重的结膜瘢痕和视力障碍。此外，眼部MMP可能导致进行性继发性角膜血管化和角膜混浊。由于活检过程中的假阴性和临床表现的变异性，初期很难诊断出眼部MMP。当前大多数药物治疗的目的是控制炎症反应，以减少进行性组织重塑，从而导致纤维化疤痕的形成。眼MMP的病程和预后取决于全身免疫调节治疗后疾病的严重程度和进展。这篇综述的目的是对眼MMP中已建立和新兴概念的最新文献进行全面分析，并特别注意其临床表现，诊断，治疗和致病机制，包括某些细胞因子和生长因子在眼中的作用。疾病的发展。