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Effects of deficit irrigation and kaolin application on vegetative growth and fruit traits of two early ripening apple cultivars.
Biological Research ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-12 , DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0252-5
Somayeh Faghih 1 , Zabihollah Zamani 1 , Reza Fatahi 1 , Abdolmajid Liaghat 2
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Drought is one of the main serious problems for agriculture production which its intensity is increasing in many parts of the world, hence, improving water use efficiency is a main goal for sustainable agriculture. RESULTS Growth indices including relative shoot length growth (SL), relative stem diameter increase (SD) and relative trunk cross sectional area growth (TCSA) measured at the start and end of the season decreased by reducing the irrigation level. Chlorophyll index (CI) was decreased at 70% crop evapotranspiration, however water use efficiency (WUE), leaf and fruit total phenolic content (TPC), and fruit anthocyanin content (AC) were among the traits that showed increment by water deficit stress in both cultivars. Shafi-Abadi cultivar showed to be more sensitive to the water stress than 'Golab'. Kaolin treatment improved SL, SD and CI traits, but this increase was statistically significant only for SD at 5% level. Kaolin had no significant effect on yield and water use efficiency (WUE), however, it had negative effect on yield efficiency (YE). Kaolin treatments also significantly increased fruit and leaf TPC (P < 0.01) but had no effect on leaf and fruit total antioxidant activity (AA), as well as fruit anthocyanin content (AC) and soluble proteins (SP). CONCLUSIONS Irrigation at 85% ETc showed better results than 100% and 70% ETc levels for yield attributes. It seems that the more pronounced effect of kaolin on vegetative traits but not on the fruits, might be attributed to the early ripening and harvest time of the examined cultivars.

中文翻译:

亏水灌溉和高岭土施用对两个早熟苹果品种营养生长和果实性状的影响。

背景技术干旱是农业生产的主要严重问题之一,其强度在世界许多地方都在增加,因此,提高水资源利用效率是可持续农业的主要目标。结果通过减少灌溉水平,在季节开始和结束时测得的生长指数包括相对枝长增长(SL),相对茎粗增长(SD)和相对树干横截面积增长(TCSA)。作物蒸散量为70%时,叶绿素指数(CI)降低,但水分利用胁迫(WUE),叶片和果实中总酚含量(TPC)和果实花色苷含量(AC)属于表现出水分亏缺胁迫而增加的特征。两个品种。Shafi-Abadi品种比“ Golab”品种对水分胁迫更敏感。高岭土处理改善了SL,SD和CI的性状,但这种增加仅在5%水平的SD上具有统计学意义。高岭土对产量和水分利用效率(WUE)没有显着影响,但是对产量效率(YE)却具有负面影响。高岭土处理还显着提高了果实和叶片的TPC(P <0.01),但对叶片和果实的总抗氧化活性(AA)以及果实花色苷含量(AC)和可溶性蛋白质(SP)均没有影响。结论在ETc浓度为85%的情况下,灌溉的结果优于100%和70%的ETc水平。看来,高岭土对植物性状的影响更为显着,但对果实的影响不明显,这可能归因于所研究品种的早熟和收获时间。高岭土对产量和水分利用效率(WUE)没有显着影响,但是对产量效率(YE)却具有负面影响。高岭土处理还显着提高了果实和叶片的TPC(P <0.01),但对叶片和果实的总抗氧化活性(AA)以及果实花色苷含量(AC)和可溶性蛋白质(SP)均没有影响。结论在ETc浓度为85%的情况下,灌溉的结果优于100%和70%的ETc水平。看来,高岭土对植物性状的影响更为显着,但对果实的影响不明显,这可能归因于所研究品种的早熟和收获时间。高岭土对产量和水分利用效率(WUE)没有显着影响,但是对产量效率(YE)却具有负面影响。高岭土处理还显着提高了果实和叶片的TPC(P <0.01),但对叶片和果实的总抗氧化活性(AA)以及果实花色苷含量(AC)和可溶性蛋白质(SP)均没有影响。结论在ETc浓度为85%的情况下,灌溉的结果优于100%和70%的ETc水平。看来,高岭土对植物性状的影响更为显着,但对果实的影响不明显,这可能归因于所研究品种的早熟和收获时间。01),但对叶片和果实的总抗氧化活性(AA)以及果实花色苷含量(AC)和可溶性蛋白质(SP)均没有影响。结论在ETc浓度为85%的情况下,灌溉的结果优于100%和70%的ETc水平。看来,高岭土对植物性状的影响更为显着,但对果实的影响不明显,这可能归因于所研究品种的早熟和收获时间。01),但对叶片和果实的总抗氧化活性(AA)以及果实花色苷含量(AC)和可溶性蛋白质(SP)均没有影响。结论在ETc浓度为85%的情况下,灌溉的结果优于100%和70%的ETc水平。看来,高岭土对植物性状的影响更为显着,但对果实的影响不明显,这可能归因于所研究品种的早熟和收获时间。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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